महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-56, verse-6

कथं नागायुतप्राणो बाहुशाली वृकोदरः ।
परिक्लिश्यन्नपि क्रोधं धृतवान्वै द्विजोत्तम ॥६॥

6. kathaṁ nāgāyutaprāṇo bāhuśālī vṛkodaraḥ ,
parikliśyannapi krodhaṁ dhṛtavānvai dvijottama.

6. katham nāgāyutaprāṇaḥ bāhuśālī vṛkodaraḥ
parikliśyan api krodham dhṛtavān vai dvijottama

6. O best of Brahmins, how did Vṛkodara (Bhīma), who had the strength of ten thousand elephants and was mighty-armed, restrain his anger even when he was greatly tormented?

6. הו בְּרַהְמִין דגול, איך וְרְקוֹדַרַה (בְּהִימַה), בעל הזרועות החזקות שכוחו כעשרת אלפים פילים, הצליח לרסן את כעסו אף שסבל ייסורים?

Words meanings summery:

• कथम् (katham) - how is it that (how, in what manner)

• नागायुतप्राणः (nāgāyutaprāṇaḥ) - possessing the immense strength of ten thousand elephants (having the strength of ten thousand elephants)

• बाहुशाली (bāhuśālī) - mighty-armed (mighty-armed, strong-armed)

• वृकोदरः (vṛkodaraḥ) - Vṛkodara (Bhīma) (wolf-bellied, a name of Bhīma)

• परिक्लिश्यन् (parikliśyan) - even when tormented (being tormented, suffering greatly)

• अपि (api) - even, although (even, also, although)

• क्रोधम् (krodham) - his anger (anger, wrath)

• धृतवान् (dhṛtavān) - he restrained (he held, he restrained)

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely

• द्विजोत्तम (dvijottama) - O best of Brahmins (vocative address to the narrator) (O best of Brahmins)

Words meanings and morphology

कथम् (katham) - how is it that (how, in what manner)

(indeclinable)

नागायुतप्राणः (nāgāyutaprāṇaḥ) - possessing the immense strength of ten thousand elephants (having the strength of ten thousand elephants)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nāgāyutaprāṇa

nāgāyutaprāṇa - one whose vital breath/strength is that of ten thousand elephants

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nāga+ayuta+prāṇa)

• nāga – serpent, elephant
  noun (masculine)
• ayuta – ten thousand
  noun (neuter)
• prāṇa – breath, life, vital air, strength
  noun (masculine)
  action noun
  from root an with pra
  Prefix: pra
  Root: an (class 2)

बाहुशाली (bāhuśālī) - mighty-armed (mighty-armed, strong-armed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bāhuśālin

bāhuśālin - having strong arms, mighty-armed

possessive suffix -in

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bāhu+śālin)

• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)
• śālin – possessing, endowed with
  adjective (masculine)
  suffix denoting possession

वृकोदरः (vṛkodaraḥ) - Vṛkodara (Bhīma) (wolf-bellied, a name of Bhīma)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛkodara

vṛkodara - wolf-bellied (epithet of Bhīma, referring to his enormous hunger)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vṛka+udara)

• vṛka – wolf
  noun (masculine)
• udara – belly, abdomen
  noun (neuter)

परिक्लिश्यन् (parikliśyan) - even when tormented (being tormented, suffering greatly)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parikliśyat

parikliśyat - being greatly afflicted/tormented

present active participle

from root kliś with pari

Prefix: pari

Root: kliś (class 9)

अपि (api) - even, although (even, also, although)

(indeclinable)

क्रोधम् (krodham) - his anger (anger, wrath)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of krodha

krodha - anger, wrath, rage

action noun

from root krudh

Root: krudh (class 4)

धृतवान् (dhṛtavān) - he restrained (he held, he restrained)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtavat

dhṛtavat - having held, having supported, having restrained

perfect active participle

from root dhṛ

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

वै (vai) - indeed, surely

(indeclinable)

द्विजोत्तम (dvijottama) - O best of Brahmins (vocative address to the narrator) (O best of Brahmins)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dvijottama

dvijottama - best among the twice-born (Brahmins)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvija+uttama)

• dvija – twice-born (Brahmin, Kṣatriya, Vaiśya; also bird, tooth)
  noun (masculine)
• uttama – best, highest, excellent
  adjective (masculine)

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