महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-56, verse-5

किमर्थं ते नरव्याघ्राः शक्ताः सन्तो ह्यनागसः ।
प्रयुज्यमानान्संक्लेशान्क्षान्तवन्तो दुरात्मनाम् ॥५॥

5. kimarthaṁ te naravyāghrāḥ śaktāḥ santo hyanāgasaḥ ,
prayujyamānānsaṁkleśānkṣāntavanto durātmanām.

5. kimartham te naravyāghrāḥ śaktāḥ santaḥ hi anāgasaḥ
prayujyamānān saṁkleśān kṣāntavantaḥ durātmanām

5. Why did those tiger-like men, though powerful and innocent, tolerate the torments inflicted upon them by the wicked?

5. מדוע אותם אנשים דגולים, שהיו חזקים וחפים מפשע, סבלו בשלווה את הייסורים שהרשעים הנחיתו עליהם?

Words meanings summery:

• किमर्थम् (kimartham) - why (why, for what purpose)

• ते (te) - those (Pāṇḍavas) (they, those)

• नरव्याघ्राः (naravyāghrāḥ) - tiger-like men (referring to the powerful Pāṇḍavas) (tiger-like men, best of men)

• शक्ताः (śaktāḥ) - being capable, powerful (able, powerful, capable)

• सन्तः (santaḥ) - being (though they were) (being, existing)

• हि (hi) - indeed, truly (indeed, surely)

• अनागसः (anāgasaḥ) - innocent (innocent, sinless)

• प्रयुज्यमानान् (prayujyamānān) - being inflicted (upon them) (being inflicted, being employed, being put to use)

• संक्लेशान् (saṁkleśān) - torments, grievous troubles (afflictions, torments, distresses)

• क्षान्तवन्तः (kṣāntavantaḥ) - they tolerated, put up with (they tolerated, endured)

• दुरात्मनाम् (durātmanām) - of the wicked (Duryodhana and his allies) (of the wicked, of evil-minded ones)

Words meanings and morphology

किमर्थम् (kimartham) - why (why, for what purpose)

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (kim+artha)

• kim – what, which
  pronoun (neuter)
• artha – purpose, meaning, object, wealth
  noun (masculine)

ते (te) - those (Pāṇḍavas) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

नरव्याघ्राः (naravyāghrāḥ) - tiger-like men (referring to the powerful Pāṇḍavas) (tiger-like men, best of men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of naravyāghra

naravyāghra - a tiger among men, best of men

Compound type : upamita-samāsa (nara+vyāghra)

• nara – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)

शक्ताः (śaktāḥ) - being capable, powerful (able, powerful, capable)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śakta

śakta - able, capable, powerful, mighty

past passive participle

from root śak

Root: śak (class 5)

सन्तः (santaḥ) - being (though they were) (being, existing)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sat

sat - being, existing, good, true

present active participle

from root as

Root: as (class 2)

हि (hi) - indeed, truly (indeed, surely)

(indeclinable)

अनागसः (anāgasaḥ) - innocent (innocent, sinless)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anāgas

anāgas - sinless, faultless, innocent

Compound type : nah-bahuvrīhi (an+āgas)

• an – not, non-
  prefix
• āgas – fault, offence, sin
  noun (neuter)

प्रयुज्यमानान् (prayujyamānān) - being inflicted (upon them) (being inflicted, being employed, being put to use)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prayujyamāna

prayujyamāna - being employed, being set on, being applied, being inflicted

present passive participle

from root yuj with pra

Prefix: pra

Root: yuj (class 7)

संक्लेशान् (saṁkleśān) - torments, grievous troubles (afflictions, torments, distresses)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of saṁkleśa

saṁkleśa - distress, pain, affliction, torment

action noun

from root kliś with sam

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sam+kleśa)

• sam – together, completely, well
  prefix
• kleśa – pain, distress, affliction, suffering
  noun (masculine)
  action noun
  from root kliś
  Root: kliś (class 9)

क्षान्तवन्तः (kṣāntavantaḥ) - they tolerated, put up with (they tolerated, endured)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṣāntavat

kṣāntavat - having tolerated, having endured

perfect active participle

from root kṣam

Root: kṣam (class 1)

दुरात्मनाम् (durātmanām) - of the wicked (Duryodhana and his allies) (of the wicked, of evil-minded ones)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of durātman

durātman - wicked, evil-minded, vicious

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dur+ātman)

• dur – bad, evil, difficult
  prefix
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, nature
  noun (masculine)

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