महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-56, verse-5

किमर्थं ते नरव्याघ्राः शक्ताः सन्तो ह्यनागसः ।
प्रयुज्यमानान्संक्लेशान्क्षान्तवन्तो दुरात्मनाम् ॥५॥

5. kimarthaṁ te naravyāghrāḥ śaktāḥ santo hyanāgasaḥ ,
prayujyamānānsaṁkleśānkṣāntavanto durātmanām.

5. kimartham te naravyāghrāḥ śaktāḥ santaḥ hi anāgasaḥ
prayujyamānān saṁkleśān kṣāntavantaḥ durātmanām

5. Why did those tiger-like men, though powerful and innocent, tolerate the torments inflicted upon them by the wicked?

Words meanings summery:

• किमर्थम् (kimartham) - why (why, for what purpose)

• ते (te) - those (Pāṇḍavas) (they, those)

• नरव्याघ्राः (naravyāghrāḥ) - tiger-like men (referring to the powerful Pāṇḍavas) (tiger-like men, best of men)

• शक्ताः (śaktāḥ) - being capable, powerful (able, powerful, capable)

• सन्तः (santaḥ) - being (though they were) (being, existing)

• हि (hi) - indeed, truly (indeed, surely)

• अनागसः (anāgasaḥ) - innocent (innocent, sinless)

• प्रयुज्यमानान् (prayujyamānān) - being inflicted (upon them) (being inflicted, being employed, being put to use)

• संक्लेशान् (saṁkleśān) - torments, grievous troubles (afflictions, torments, distresses)

• क्षान्तवन्तः (kṣāntavantaḥ) - they tolerated, put up with (they tolerated, endured)

• दुरात्मनाम् (durātmanām) - of the wicked (Duryodhana and his allies) (of the wicked, of evil-minded ones)

Words meanings and morphology

किमर्थम् (kimartham) - why (why, for what purpose)

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (kim+artha)

• kim – what, which
  pronoun (neuter)
• artha – purpose, meaning, object, wealth
  noun (masculine)

ते (te) - those (Pāṇḍavas) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

नरव्याघ्राः (naravyāghrāḥ) - tiger-like men (referring to the powerful Pāṇḍavas) (tiger-like men, best of men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of naravyāghra

naravyāghra - a tiger among men, best of men

Compound type : upamita-samāsa (nara+vyāghra)

• nara – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)

शक्ताः (śaktāḥ) - being capable, powerful (able, powerful, capable)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śakta

śakta - able, capable, powerful, mighty

past passive participle

from root śak

Root: śak (class 5)

सन्तः (santaḥ) - being (though they were) (being, existing)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sat

sat - being, existing, good, true

present active participle

from root as

Root: as (class 2)

हि (hi) - indeed, truly (indeed, surely)

(indeclinable)

अनागसः (anāgasaḥ) - innocent (innocent, sinless)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anāgas

anāgas - sinless, faultless, innocent

Compound type : nah-bahuvrīhi (an+āgas)

• an – not, non-
  prefix
• āgas – fault, offence, sin
  noun (neuter)

प्रयुज्यमानान् (prayujyamānān) - being inflicted (upon them) (being inflicted, being employed, being put to use)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prayujyamāna

prayujyamāna - being employed, being set on, being applied, being inflicted

present passive participle

from root yuj with pra

Prefix: pra

Root: yuj (class 7)

संक्लेशान् (saṁkleśān) - torments, grievous troubles (afflictions, torments, distresses)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of saṁkleśa

saṁkleśa - distress, pain, affliction, torment

action noun

from root kliś with sam

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sam+kleśa)

• sam – together, completely, well
  prefix
• kleśa – pain, distress, affliction, suffering
  noun (masculine)
  action noun
  from root kliś
  Root: kliś (class 9)

क्षान्तवन्तः (kṣāntavantaḥ) - they tolerated, put up with (they tolerated, endured)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṣāntavat

kṣāntavat - having tolerated, having endured

perfect active participle

from root kṣam

Root: kṣam (class 1)

दुरात्मनाम् (durātmanām) - of the wicked (Duryodhana and his allies) (of the wicked, of evil-minded ones)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of durātman

durātman - wicked, evil-minded, vicious

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dur+ātman)

• dur – bad, evil, difficult
  prefix
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, nature
  noun (masculine)