महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-56, verse-17

अक्षुद्रान्दानशीलांश्च सत्यशीलाननास्तिकान् ।
कार्ष्णं वेदमिमं विद्वाञ्श्रावयित्वार्थमश्नुते ॥१७॥

17. akṣudrāndānaśīlāṁśca satyaśīlānanāstikān ,
kārṣṇaṁ vedamimaṁ vidvāñśrāvayitvārthamaśnute.

17. akṣudrān dānaśīlān ca satyaśīlān anāstikān |
kārṣṇaṃ vedam imaṃ vidvān śrāvayitvā arthaṃ aśnute

17. A learned person, having recited this Kṛṣṇa-related scripture to those who are magnanimous, charitable, truthful, and not atheists, obtains material prosperity.

17. היודע שישמיע את הוֵדַה הזה של קְרְשְׁנַה (וְיָאסַה) לאנשים בלתי קטנוניים, נדיבים, נאמני אמת ובעלי אמונה, ירוויח עושר.

Words meanings summery:

• अक्षुद्रान् (akṣudrān) - magnanimous (persons) (not small, not mean, magnanimous, generous)

• दानशीलान् (dānaśīlān) - charitable (persons) (charitable, generous)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• सत्यशीलान् (satyaśīlān) - truthful (persons) (truthful, virtuous)

• अनास्तिकान् (anāstikān) - believers (in the Vedas/divinity) (non-atheists, believers)

• कार्ष्णं (kārṣṇaṁ) - pertaining to Kṛṣṇa (Vyāsa, also a Kṛṣṇa) (relating to Kṛṣṇa, belonging to Kṛṣṇa)

• वेदं (vedaṁ) - scripture (referring to the Mahābhārata) (Veda, knowledge, scripture)

• इमं (imaṁ) - this (scripture) (this)

• विद्वान् (vidvān) - a learned person (learned, wise, knowing)

• श्रावयित्वा (śrāvayitvā) - having recited/expounded (having caused to hear, having recited)

• अर्थं (arthaṁ) - prosperity, success, ultimate goal (meaning, purpose, wealth, material prosperity)

• अश्नुते (aśnute) - obtains, attains (obtains, reaches, enjoys, partakes of)

Words meanings and morphology

अक्षुद्रान् (akṣudrān) - magnanimous (persons) (not small, not mean, magnanimous, generous)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of akṣudra

akṣudra - not small, not mean, magnanimous, noble, liberal

A (negation) + kṣudra (small, mean).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kṣudra)

• a – not, un- (negative prefix)
  upasarga
• kṣudra – small, mean, inferior, miserly
  adjective
  Root: kṣud (class 6)

Note: Object of 'śrāvayitvā'.

दानशीलान् (dānaśīlān) - charitable (persons) (charitable, generous)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dānaśīla

dānaśīla - of a giving nature, generous, charitable

Compound of dāna (gift) and śīla (nature).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa/bahuvrīhi (dāna+śīla)

• dāna – gift, giving, charity
  noun (neuter)
  action noun
  From root dā (to give).
  Root: dā (class 3)
• śīla – nature, character, habit, conduct, virtue
  noun (neuter)
  Root: śīl (class 10)

Note: Object of 'śrāvayitvā'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects adjectives.

सत्यशीलान् (satyaśīlān) - truthful (persons) (truthful, virtuous)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of satyaśīla

satyaśīla - of a truthful nature, truthful, virtuous

Compound of satya (truth) and śīla (nature).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa/bahuvrīhi (satya+śīla)

• satya – truth, true, real
  noun/adjective (neuter)
  From sat (being).
  Root: as (class 2)
• śīla – nature, character, habit, conduct, virtue
  noun (neuter)
  Root: śīl (class 10)

Note: Object of 'śrāvayitvā'.

अनास्तिकान् (anāstikān) - believers (in the Vedas/divinity) (non-atheists, believers)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of anāstika

anāstika - not an atheist, believing (in God/Vedas)

An (negation) + āstika (believer, theist).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+āstika)

• an – not, un- (negative prefix, before vowels)
  upasarga
• āstika – believer (in the Vedas, in a future life, in God), theist
  noun/adjective (masculine)
  From asti (there is).
  Root: as (class 2)

Note: Object of 'śrāvayitvā'.

कार्ष्णं (kārṣṇaṁ) - pertaining to Kṛṣṇa (Vyāsa, also a Kṛṣṇa) (relating to Kṛṣṇa, belonging to Kṛṣṇa)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kārṣṇa

kārṣṇa - relating to Kṛṣṇa (Vyāsa or the deity), produced by Kṛṣṇa

From kṛṣṇa (Vāsudeva or Vyāsa) with suffix -a.

Note: Modifies 'vedaṃ'.

वेदं (vedaṁ) - scripture (referring to the Mahābhārata) (Veda, knowledge, scripture)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of veda

veda - Veda (sacred knowledge), knowledge, sacred scripture

From root vid (to know).

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Direct object of 'śrāvayitvā'.

इमं (imaṁ) - this (scripture) (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Note: Modifies 'vedaṃ'.

विद्वान् (vidvān) - a learned person (learned, wise, knowing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidvas

vidvas - knowing, learned, wise, a learned man

perfect active participle

from root vid (to know)

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Subject of the main verb 'aśnute'.

श्रावयित्वा (śrāvayitvā) - having recited/expounded (having caused to hear, having recited)

(indeclinable)

causative gerund/absolutive

From causative stem śrāvay (from śru) with suffix -itvā.

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Gerund, indicating action completed before the main verb.

अर्थं (arthaṁ) - prosperity, success, ultimate goal (meaning, purpose, wealth, material prosperity)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - meaning, purpose, object, wealth, material gain, aim

From root ṛ (to go) or arth (to seek).

Root: ṛ/arth (class 1)

Note: Direct object of 'aśnute'.

अश्नुते (aśnute) - obtains, attains (obtains, reaches, enjoys, partakes of)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of aś

Root: aś (class 5)

Note: Main verb.

Previous Verse Next Verse