महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-56, verse-19

जयो नामेतिहासोऽयं श्रोतव्यो विजिगीषुणा ।
महीं विजयते सर्वां शत्रूंश्चापि पराजयेत् ॥१९॥

19. jayo nāmetihāso'yaṁ śrotavyo vijigīṣuṇā ,
mahīṁ vijayate sarvāṁ śatrūṁścāpi parājayet.

19. jayaḥ nāma itihāsaḥ ayam śrotavyaḥ vijigīṣuṇā
mahīm vijayate sarvām śatrūn ca api parājayet

19. This epic, named 'Jaya', should be heard by anyone desiring victory. One who does so conquers the entire earth and defeats all enemies.

Words meanings summery:

• जयः (jayaḥ) - "Jaya" (as the name of the epic) (victory, triumph, conquest)

• नाम (nāma) - named (by name, indeed, namely)

• इतिहासः (itihāsaḥ) - epic (history, epic, legend)

• अयम् (ayam) - this (this, this one)

• श्रोतव्यः (śrotavyaḥ) - should be heard (to be heard, audible)

• विजिगीषुणा (vijigīṣuṇā) - by one desiring victory (by one desiring victory, by one ambitious for conquest)

• महीम् (mahīm) - the entire earth (earth, land, ground)

• विजयते (vijayate) - conquers (conquers, triumphs over, wins)

• सर्वाम् (sarvām) - entire (all, whole, entire)

• शत्रून् (śatrūn) - enemies (enemies, foes)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

• पराजयेत् (parājayet) - defeats (one should defeat, one should conquer)

Words meanings and morphology

जयः (jayaḥ) - "Jaya" (as the name of the epic) (victory, triumph, conquest)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jaya

jaya - victory, conquest, triumph; name of the Mahabharata

action noun

root ji + ac

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Subject, part of the name.

नाम (nāma) - named (by name, indeed, namely)

(indeclinable)

Originally a noun, used adverbially here.

Note: Adverbial usage.

इतिहासः (itihāsaḥ) - epic (history, epic, legend)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of itihāsa

itihāsa - history, legend, traditional narrative, epic

iti-ha-āsa (thus-indeed-it was)

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Subject.

अयम् (ayam) - this (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, here

Note: Masculine nominative singular of idam, agreeing with itihāsaḥ.

श्रोतव्यः (śrotavyaḥ) - should be heard (to be heard, audible)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrotavya

śrotavya - to be heard, fit to be heard, audible

future passive participle (kṛtya)

root śru + tavya suffix

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Predicate adjective for itihāsaḥ.

विजिगीषुणा (vijigīṣuṇā) - by one desiring victory (by one desiring victory, by one ambitious for conquest)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vijigīṣu

vijigīṣu - desirous of conquering, aspiring to triumph, ambitious for victory

desiderative agent noun / adjective

root ji (desiderative form jigīṣa) + u

Prefix: vi

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Agent of the śrotavyaḥ (should be heard by).

महीम् (mahīm) - the entire earth (earth, land, ground)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mahī

mahī - earth, land, ground, territory

Root: mah

Note: Object of vijayate.

विजयते (vijayate) - conquers (conquers, triumphs over, wins)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ji

present

root ji with prefix vi, middle voice, 3rd person singular, present indicative.

Prefix: vi

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Subject is implied (the one who desires victory).

सर्वाम् (sarvām) - entire (all, whole, entire)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sarva

sarva - all, whole, entire, every

Note: Adjective modifying mahīm.

शत्रून् (śatrūn) - enemies (enemies, foes)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śatru

śatru - enemy, foe, rival

Root: śat

Note: Object of parājayet.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects vijayate and parājayet clauses.

अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes that enemies are also defeated.

पराजयेत् (parājayet) - defeats (one should defeat, one should conquer)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of ji

optative

root ji with prefix parā, Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular, optative mood.

Prefix: parā

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Subject is implied (the one who desires victory).