महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-56, verse-10

कथं च बहुलाः सेनाः पाण्डवः कृष्णसारथिः ।
अस्यन्नेकोऽनयत्सर्वाः पितृलोकं धनंजयः ॥१०॥

10. kathaṁ ca bahulāḥ senāḥ pāṇḍavaḥ kṛṣṇasārathiḥ ,
asyanneko'nayatsarvāḥ pitṛlokaṁ dhanaṁjayaḥ.

10. katham ca bahulāḥ senāḥ pāṇḍavaḥ kṛṣṇasārathiḥ
asyan ekaḥ anayāt sarvāḥ pitṛlokam dhanañjayaḥ

10. And how did Dhanañjaya, the Pāṇḍava whose charioteer was Kṛṣṇa, all by himself, by showering arrows, send all those numerous armies to the world of ancestors?

Words meanings summery:

• कथम् (katham) - How could it be? (expressing surprise or disbelief) (how, why, in what manner)

• च (ca) - and (connecting this question to the previous one) (and, also)

• बहुलाः (bahulāḥ) - numerous (armies) (many, numerous, abundant)

• सेनाः (senāḥ) - the many enemy armies (armies, forces)

• पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - Arjuna, the Pāṇḍava (a descendant of Pāṇḍu, Arjuna)

• कृष्णसारथिः (kṛṣṇasārathiḥ) - Arjuna, whose charioteer was Kṛṣṇa (having Kṛṣṇa as charioteer)

• अस्यन् (asyan) - while showering (arrows) (shooting, casting, throwing)

• एकः (ekaḥ) - all by himself, single-handedly (one, alone, single)

• अनयात् (anayāt) - sent (to the world of ancestors, i.e., killed) (led, brought, conducted, sent)

• सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all (those armies) (all, whole, every)

• पितृलोकम् (pitṛlokam) - to the realm of the departed (i.e., killed them) (to the world of ancestors)

• धनञ्जयः (dhanañjayaḥ) - Arjuna, the conqueror of wealth (Dhanañjaya (Arjuna))

Words meanings and morphology

कथम् (katham) - How could it be? (expressing surprise or disbelief) (how, why, in what manner)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and (connecting this question to the previous one) (and, also)

(indeclinable)

बहुलाः (bahulāḥ) - numerous (armies) (many, numerous, abundant)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, plural of bahula

bahula - much, many, numerous, abundant

सेनाः (senāḥ) - the many enemy armies (armies, forces)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of senā

senā - army, host, troop

Note: Direct object of `anayāt`.

पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - Arjuna, the Pāṇḍava (a descendant of Pāṇḍu, Arjuna)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, especially Arjuna

patronymic from Pāṇḍu

Note: Agrees with `dhanañjayaḥ`.

कृष्णसारथिः (kṛṣṇasārathiḥ) - Arjuna, whose charioteer was Kṛṣṇa (having Kṛṣṇa as charioteer)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛṣṇasārathi

kṛṣṇasārathi - one whose charioteer is Kṛṣṇa

compound: Kṛṣṇa + sārathi (charioteer)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛṣṇa+sārathi)

• kṛṣṇa – Kṛṣṇa (name of the deity), black, dark
  noun (masculine)
• sārathi – charioteer, driver
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with `dhanañjayaḥ`.

अस्यन् (asyan) - while showering (arrows) (shooting, casting, throwing)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of asyant

asyant - shooting, throwing, casting, hurling

present active participle

From root as (to throw, shoot), Pāras. participle, nominative singular, masculine

Root: as (class 4)

एकः (ekaḥ) - all by himself, single-handedly (one, alone, single)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, alone, unique

Note: Agrees with `dhanañjayaḥ`.

अनयात् (anayāt) - sent (to the world of ancestors, i.e., killed) (led, brought, conducted, sent)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (Laṅ) of nī

Root: nī (class 1)

Note: The implied subject is `dhanañjayaḥ`.

सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all (those armies) (all, whole, every)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, whole, every, entire

पितृलोकम् (pitṛlokam) - to the realm of the departed (i.e., killed them) (to the world of ancestors)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitṛloka

pitṛloka - world of ancestors, realm of the Manes

compound: pitṛ (ancestor) + loka (world)

Compound type : tatpurusha (pitṛ+loka)

• pitṛ – father, ancestor
  noun (masculine)
• loka – world, realm, people
  noun (masculine)

Note: Goal of `anayāt`.

धनञ्जयः (dhanañjayaḥ) - Arjuna, the conqueror of wealth (Dhanañjaya (Arjuna))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanañjaya

dhanañjaya - conqueror of wealth, Arjuna (name)

compound: dhana (wealth) + jaya (conquering)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dhana+jaya)

• dhana – wealth, riches, property
  noun (neuter)
• jaya – victory, conquest, conqueror
  noun (masculine)
  from root ji (to conquer)
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence.