महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-203, verse-1

नारद उवाच ।
ततो देवर्षयः सर्वे सिद्धाश्च परमर्षयः ।
जग्मुस्तदा परामार्तिं दृष्ट्वा तत्कदनं महत् ॥१॥

1. nārada uvāca ,
tato devarṣayaḥ sarve siddhāśca paramarṣayaḥ ,
jagmustadā parāmārtiṁ dṛṣṭvā tatkadanaṁ mahat.

1. nārada uvāca tataḥ devarṣayaḥ sarve siddhāḥ ca paramarṣayaḥ
jagmuḥ tadā parām ārtim dṛṣṭvā tat kadanam mahat

1. Narada said: Then all the divine sages, the Siddhas, and the great sages experienced supreme distress when they saw that great destruction.

Words meanings summery:

• नारद (nārada) - Narada (a divine sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, afterwards

• देवर्षयः (devarṣayaḥ) - divine sages, rishis of the gods

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, every

• सिद्धाः (siddhāḥ) - perfected beings, accomplished ones

• च (ca) - and, also

• परमर्षयः (paramarṣayaḥ) - great sages, supreme rishis

• जग्मुः (jagmuḥ) - they went, they attained, they experienced

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• पराम् (parām) - supreme, highest, great

• आर्तिम् (ārtim) - distress, suffering, affliction

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, seeing

• तत् (tat) - that, that (destruction)

• कदनम् (kadanam) - destruction, massacre, slaying

• महत् (mahat) - great, large, important

Words meanings and morphology

नारद (nārada) - Narada (a divine sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nārada

nārada - Narada (name of a divine sage)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, afterwards

(indeclinable)

देवर्षयः (devarṣayaḥ) - divine sages, rishis of the gods

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of devarṣi

devarṣi - divine sage

compound of deva (god) and ṛṣi (sage)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+ṛṣi)

• deva – god, divine
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer
  noun (masculine)

सर्वे (sarve) - all, every

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, entire

Note: Agrees with 'devarṣayaḥ' and 'paramarṣayaḥ'

सिद्धाः (siddhāḥ) - perfected beings, accomplished ones

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of siddha

siddha - perfected, accomplished, one who has attained spiritual perfection (Siddha)

Past Passive Participle

from root sidh + kta

Root: sidh (class 4)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

परमर्षयः (paramarṣayaḥ) - great sages, supreme rishis

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paramarṣi

paramarṣi - great sage

compound of parama (supreme) and ṛṣi (sage)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (parama+ṛṣi)

• parama – supreme, highest, ultimate
  adjective (masculine/neuter)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer
  noun (masculine)

जग्मुः (jagmuḥ) - they went, they attained, they experienced

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of gam

Root: gam (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

पराम् (parām) - supreme, highest, great

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of parama

parama - supreme, highest, ultimate

Note: Agrees with 'ārtim'

आर्तिम् (ārtim) - distress, suffering, affliction

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ārti

ārti - distress, pain, affliction, suffering

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, seeing

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

formed from root dṛś with suffix -tvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

तत् (tat) - that, that (destruction)

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Note: Agrees with 'kadanam'

कदनम् (kadanam) - destruction, massacre, slaying

(noun)

neuter, singular of kadana

kadana - destruction, slaying, massacre

Root: kad (class 1)

महत् (mahat) - great, large, important

(adjective)

neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important

Note: Agrees with 'kadanam'