महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-115, verse-12

तथा मन्त्रविदो विप्रास्तपस्तप्त्वा सुदुष्करम् ।
गुरूनभ्युपगच्छन्ति यशसोऽर्थाय भामिनि ॥१२॥

12. tathā mantravido viprāstapastaptvā suduṣkaram ,
gurūnabhyupagacchanti yaśaso'rthāya bhāmini.

12. tathā mantravidaḥ viprāḥ tapaḥ taptvā sudūṣkaram
gurūn abhyupagacchanti yaśasaḥ arthāya bhāmini

12. Similarly, O beautiful one, Brahmins who know the sacred hymns (mantra), having performed very difficult austerities (tapas), approach their teachers (guru) for the sake of fame.

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly

• मन्त्रविदः (mantravidaḥ) - knowers of mantras/sacred hymns

• विप्राः (viprāḥ) - Brahmins, wise men

• तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, penance

• तप्त्वा (taptvā) - having performed (austerity), having heated

• सुदूष्करम् (sudūṣkaram) - very difficult to perform

• गुरून् (gurūn) - teachers, spiritual masters, revered elders

• अभ्युपगच्छन्ति (abhyupagacchanti) - they approach, they resort to

• यशसः (yaśasaḥ) - of fame, of glory

• अर्थाय (arthāya) - for the purpose of, for the sake of

• भामिनि (bhāmini) - O beautiful woman, O passionate woman!

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly

(indeclinable)

मन्त्रविदः (mantravidaḥ) - knowers of mantras/sacred hymns

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mantravid

mantravid - knower of mantras, skilled in sacred formulas

Compound of 'mantra' (sacred hymn) and 'vid' (knower)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mantra+vid)

• mantra – sacred hymn, prayer, incantation, counsel
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root man (to think)
  Root: man (class 4)
• vid – knower, understanding
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

विप्राः (viprāḥ) - Brahmins, wise men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vipra

vipra - Brahmin, priest, inspired, wise, learned

Root: vip (class 1)

तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, penance

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, penance, spiritual fervor, heat

Root: tap (class 1)

तप्त्वा (taptvā) - having performed (austerity), having heated

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Derived from root tap (to perform austerity, to heat)

Root: tap (class 1)

सुदूष्करम् (sudūṣkaram) - very difficult to perform

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sudūṣkara

sudūṣkara - very difficult to perform, accomplish

Compound of 'su' (very) and 'duṣkara' (difficult to do)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+duṣkara)

• su – good, well, very, easily
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating intensity or excellence
• duṣkara – difficult to do, perform or accomplish
  adjective (neuter)
  Gerundive
  From prefix dus- and root kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

गुरून् (gurūn) - teachers, spiritual masters, revered elders

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of guru

guru - teacher, spiritual master, preceptor, venerable person, heavy, important

अभ्युपगच्छन्ति (abhyupagacchanti) - they approach, they resort to

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of abhyupagam

Present Active

Present tense, third person plural, active voice

Prefixes: abhi+upa

Root: gam (class 1)

यशसः (yaśasaḥ) - of fame, of glory

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of yaśas

yaśas - fame, glory, honor, renown

अर्थाय (arthāya) - for the purpose of, for the sake of

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - purpose, aim, object, meaning, wealth

भामिनि (bhāmini) - O beautiful woman, O passionate woman!

(noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of bhāminī

bhāminī - a beautiful woman, a passionate woman, a charming woman