दुर्गा-सप्तशती
durgā-saptaśatī
-
chapter-13, verse-24
नमस्येऽहं पितॄञ्छ्राद्धैः पाताले या महासुरैः ।
सन्तर्प्यन्ते स्वधाहारास्त्यक्तदम्भमदैः सदा ॥२४॥
सन्तर्प्यन्ते स्वधाहारास्त्यक्तदम्भमदैः सदा ॥२४॥
24. namasye'haṃ pitṝñchrāddhaiḥ pātāle yā mahāsuraiḥ .
santarpyante svadhāhārāstyaktadambhamadaiḥ sadā.
santarpyante svadhāhārāstyaktadambhamadaiḥ sadā.
24.
namasye aham pitṝn śrāddhaiḥ pātāle yāḥ mahāsuraiḥ
santarpyante svadhāhārāḥ tyaktadambhamadaiḥ sadā
santarpyante svadhāhārāḥ tyaktadambhamadaiḥ sadā
24.
I bow down to the ancestors (pitṛ) who reside in Pātāla and, having svadhā as their sustenance, are always satisfied by great asuras who have abandoned arrogance and pride, through śrāddha offerings.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- नमस्ये (namasye) - I bow, I salute, I worship
- अहम् (aham) - I
- पितॄन् (pitṝn) - ancestors, fathers
- श्राद्धैः (śrāddhaiḥ) - with śrāddha offerings
- पाताले (pātāle) - in Pātāla (the netherworld)
- याः (yāḥ) - who (feminine plural)
- महासुरैः (mahāsuraiḥ) - by great asuras
- सन्तर्प्यन्ते (santarpyante) - are satisfied, are gratified
- स्वधाहाराः (svadhāhārāḥ) - whose food is svadhā (ancestral offerings)
- त्यक्तदम्भमदैः (tyaktadambhamadaiḥ) - by those who have abandoned arrogance and pride
- सदा (sadā) - always, constantly, ever
Words meanings and morphology
नमस्ये (namasye) - I bow, I salute, I worship
(verb)
1st person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of namasya
Denominative verb from 'namas' (bow, reverence).
Root: nam (class 1)
Note: Denominative verb.
अहम् (aham) - I
(pronoun)
Nominative, singular of aham
aham - I, myself
पितॄन् (pitṝn) - ancestors, fathers
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of pitṛ
pitṛ - father, ancestor, forefathers (pitṛ)
श्राद्धैः (śrāddhaiḥ) - with śrāddha offerings
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, plural of śrāddha
śrāddha - funeral rites, offerings to ancestors (śrāddha)
From 'śrat' (faith) + 'dhā' (to place).
पाताले (pātāle) - in Pātāla (the netherworld)
(proper noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of pātāla
pātāla - Pātāla, one of the seven netherworlds
याः (yāḥ) - who (feminine plural)
(pronoun)
Nominative, feminine, plural of yad
yad - which, who, what
Relative pronoun.
Note: Refers to the Pitṛs by agreement with 'svadhāhārāḥ'.
महासुरैः (mahāsuraiḥ) - by great asuras
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of mahāsura
mahāsura - great demon, great anti-god
Karmadhāraya compound: 'mahā' (great) + 'asura' (demon).
Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+asura)
- mahā – great, mighty, large
adjective - asura – demon, anti-god, mighty one
noun (masculine)
सन्तर्प्यन्ते (santarpyante) - are satisfied, are gratified
(verb)
3rd person , plural, passive, present indicative (laṭ) of santarpy
From 'sam' + root 'tṛp' (to satisfy, to be pleased). Causal stem formed with '-paya', then passive.
Prefix: sam
Root: tṛp (class 4)
स्वधाहाराः (svadhāhārāḥ) - whose food is svadhā (ancestral offerings)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, plural of svadhāhāra
svadhāhāra - having svadhā as food, consuming svadhā (ancestral offerings)
Bahuvrīhi compound: 'svadhā' (oblation to ancestors) + 'āhāra' (food, sustenance).
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (svadhā+āhāra)
- svadhā – oblation to ancestors, a ritual exclamation for ancestral offerings
noun (feminine) - āhāra – food, diet, sustenance
noun (masculine)
From 'ā' + root 'hṛ' (to take, to carry).
Prefix: ā
Root: hṛ (class 1)
Note: Used adjectivally to describe the Pitṛs.
त्यक्तदम्भमदैः (tyaktadambhamadaiḥ) - by those who have abandoned arrogance and pride
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of tyaktadambhamada
tyaktadambhamada - one who has abandoned arrogance and pride
Bahuvrīhi compound: 'tyakta' (abandoned, PPP of tyaj) + 'dambha' (arrogance) + 'mada' (pride).
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tyakta+dambha+mada)
- tyakta – abandoned, given up, renounced
adjective
Past Passive Participle
From root 'tyaj' (to abandon).
Root: tyaj (class 1) - dambha – arrogance, hypocrisy, boastfulness
noun (masculine) - mada – pride, arrogance, intoxication
noun (masculine)
Note: Refers to the 'mahāsuraiḥ'.
सदा (sadā) - always, constantly, ever
(indeclinable)