योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-69, verse-25

कथमेषा त्वया देव जायार्थं जनिता सती ।
नेह जायापदं नीता नीता विरसतां कथम् ॥ २५ ॥

kathameṣā tvayā deva jāyārthaṃ janitā satī ,
neha jāyāpadaṃ nītā nītā virasatāṃ katham 25

25. katham eṣā tvayā deva jāyārtham janitā satī
na iha jāyāpadam nītā nītā virasatām katham

25. deva katham eṣā satī tvayā jāyārtham janitā [āsīt]?
katham iha jāyāpadam na nītā? [katham ca] virasatām nītā?

25. O divine one, how was this woman, being pure (satī), created by you for the purpose of being a wife? How was she not brought to the position of a wife here, but rather led to a state of unhappiness?

Words meanings summery:

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner, why

• एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine), she

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• देव (deva) - O god, O divine one

• जायार्थम् (jāyārtham) - for the sake of a wife, for the purpose of a wife

• जनिता (janitā) - generated, born, created (feminine)

• सती (satī) - being, existing, virtuous, pure (feminine)

• न (na) - not, no

• इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this case

• जायापदम् (jāyāpadam) - the state of a wife, position as a wife

• नीता (nītā) - led, brought, guided (feminine)

• नीता (nītā) - led, brought, guided (feminine)

• विरसताम् (virasatām) - to tastelessness, to unpleasantness, to unhappiness

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner, why

Words meanings and morphology

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner, why

(indeclinable)

एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine), she

(demonstrative pronoun)

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of tvam

tvam - you

देव (deva) - O god, O divine one

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being, celestial

Root: div (class 4)

जायार्थम् (jāyārtham) - for the sake of a wife, for the purpose of a wife

(indeclinable)

Formed as an adverbial compound or with suffix -artham.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jāyā+artha)

• jāyā – wife, spouse, consort
  noun (feminine)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• artha – purpose, aim, object, wealth, meaning
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

Note: Acts adverbially to denote purpose.

जनिता (janitā) - generated, born, created (feminine)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of janita

janita - generated, born, produced, caused

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root जन् (jan) with suffix -kta.

Root: jan (class 4)

सती (satī) - being, existing, virtuous, pure (feminine)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sat

sat - being, existing, good, virtuous, real

Present Active Participle

Feminine nominative singular of the present active participle of root अस (as).

Root: as (class 2)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this case

(indeclinable)

जायापदम् (jāyāpadam) - the state of a wife, position as a wife

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jāyāpada

jāyāpada - the position of a wife, status of a spouse

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jāyā+pada)

• jāyā – wife, spouse, consort
  noun (feminine)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• pada – step, foot, place, position, state, word
  noun (neuter)
  Root: pad (class 4)

नीता (nītā) - led, brought, guided (feminine)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nīta

nīta - led, guided, brought, carried, acquired

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root नी (nī) with suffix -kta.

Root: nī (class 1)

नीता (nītā) - led, brought, guided (feminine)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nīta

nīta - led, guided, brought, carried, acquired

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root नी (nī) with suffix -kta.

Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Repeated for emphasis or to create a contrasting statement.

विरसताम् (virasatām) - to tastelessness, to unpleasantness, to unhappiness

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of virasatā

virasatā - tastelessness, insipidity, unpleasantness, unhappiness

Derived from virasa (tasteless, unpleasant) with the abstract noun suffix -tā.

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner, why

(indeclinable)