योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-173, verse-21

येनाङ्गदत्वं नास्तीति बुद्धं हेमाङ्गदेन वै ।
अङ्गदत्वं कुतस्तस्य तस्य शुद्धैव हेमता ॥ २१ ॥

yenāṅgadatvaṃ nāstīti buddhaṃ hemāṅgadena vai ,
aṅgadatvaṃ kutastasya tasya śuddhaiva hematā 21

21. येन अङ्गदत्वं न अस्ति इति बुद्धं हेमाङ्गदेन
वै अङ्गदत्वं कुतः तस्य तस्य शुद्धा एव हेमता

21. येन हेमाङ्गदेन वै अङ्गदत्वं न अस्ति इति बुद्धंतस्य अङ्गदत्वं कुतः? तस्य शुद्धा हेमता एव।

21. Through which (understanding) Hemāngada indeed perceived that the state of being an armlet (aṅgadatva) does not exist. From where would that armlet-ness arise for it? For it, there is only pure goldness (hemata).

Words meanings summery:

• येन (yena) - by which realization or understanding (by which, whereby, with which)

• अङ्गदत्वं (aṅgadatvaṁ) - the non-essential, superficial form or designation of an object, contrasted with its true substance. (the state of being an armlet; armlet-ness)

• न (na) - not, no

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• इति (iti) - thus, so, marking quotation

• बुद्धं (buddhaṁ) - was realized or understood (understood, perceived, known)

• हेमाङ्गदेन (hemāṅgadena) - by Hemāngada

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

• अङ्गदत्वं (aṅgadatvaṁ) - the state of being an armlet; armlet-ness

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - how can it exist? (whence, from where, why)

• तस्य (tasya) - of the gold (implicitly) (of him/it, his/its)

• तस्य (tasya) - of the gold (implicitly) (of him/it, his/its)

• शुद्धा (śuddhā) - pure, clean, unblemished

• एव (eva) - only, merely, indeed, certainly

• हेमता (hematā) - the essential nature of something made of gold. (goldness, the state of being gold, golden nature)

Words meanings and morphology

येन (yena) - by which realization or understanding (by which, whereby, with which)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

अङ्गदत्वं (aṅgadatvaṁ) - the non-essential, superficial form or designation of an object, contrasted with its true substance. (the state of being an armlet; armlet-ness)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of aṅgadatva

aṅgadatva - the state or quality of being an armlet or Angada

Derived from 'aṅgada' (armlet) + 'tva' (suffix for 'state of being').

Compound type : tatpurusha (aṅgada+tva)

• aṅgada – armlet, bracelet; a proper name (son of Vāli)
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: aṅga
  Root: gad (class 1)
• tva – suffix denoting state, nature, abstract quality
  suffix (neuter)

Note: Subject of the clause 'aṅgadatvaṃ na asti'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of as

Present Indicative

3rd person singular present indicative active.

Root: as (class 2)

इति (iti) - thus, so, marking quotation

(indeclinable)

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Used to mark the preceding clause as a direct thought or statement.

बुद्धं (buddhaṁ) - was realized or understood (understood, perceived, known)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of buddha

buddha - awakened, enlightened, understood, known

Past Passive Participle

PPP of root √budh (to awaken, know).

Root: budh (class 1)

हेमाङ्गदेन (hemāṅgadena) - by Hemāngada

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of hemāṅgada

hemāṅgada - a proper name (often used in Yogavāsiṣṭha)

Compound of 'heman' (gold) and 'aṅgada' (armlet).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (heman+aṅgada)

• heman – gold
  noun (neuter)
• aṅgada – armlet, bracelet; a proper name
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: aṅga
  Root: gad (class 1)

Note: Agent in passive construction.

वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

(indeclinable)

अङ्गदत्वं (aṅgadatvaṁ) - the state of being an armlet; armlet-ness

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of aṅgadatva

aṅgadatva - the state or quality of being an armlet or Angada

Derived from 'aṅgada' (armlet) + 'tva' (suffix for 'state of being').

Compound type : tatpurusha (aṅgada+tva)

• aṅgada – armlet, bracelet; a proper name (son of Vāli)
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: aṅga
  Root: gad (class 1)
• tva – suffix denoting state, nature, abstract quality
  suffix (neuter)

Note: Subject of the question.

कुतः (kutaḥ) - how can it exist? (whence, from where, why)

(indeclinable)

From 'kim' (what) + 'tas' (ablative suffix).

तस्य (tasya) - of the gold (implicitly) (of him/it, his/its)

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Genitive singular masculine/neuter.

तस्य (tasya) - of the gold (implicitly) (of him/it, his/its)

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Genitive singular masculine/neuter.

शुद्धा (śuddhā) - pure, clean, unblemished

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śuddha

śuddha - pure, clean, unblemished, clear

Past Passive Participle

PPP of root √śudh (to be pure).

Root: śudh (class 4)

एव (eva) - only, merely, indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

हेमता (hematā) - the essential nature of something made of gold. (goldness, the state of being gold, golden nature)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of hematā

hematā - goldness, the state of being gold

Derived from 'heman' (gold) + 'tā' (suffix for 'state of being').

Compound type : tatpurusha (heman+tā)

• heman – gold
  noun (neuter)
• tā – suffix denoting state, nature, abstract quality
  suffix (feminine)

Note: Predicate nominative for the implied 'is'.