योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-119, verse-22

विषमविनायकसुखदं वलितं भस्माहिशवशिरःप्रकरैः ।
शशिधवलास्थिकपालं वपुरिव रौद्रं श्मशानमथ दृष्टम् ॥ २२ ॥

viṣamavināyakasukhadaṃ valitaṃ bhasmāhiśavaśiraḥprakaraiḥ ,
śaśidhavalāsthikapālaṃ vapuriva raudraṃ śmaśānamatha dṛṣṭam 22

22. viṣamavināyakasukhadam valitam
bhasma ahiśavaśiraḥprakaraiḥ
śaśidhavalāsthikapālam vapuḥ
iva raudram śmaśānam atha dr̥ṣṭam

22. atha raudram vapuḥ iva
viṣamavināyakasukhadam bhasma
ahiśavaśiraḥprakaraiḥ valitam
śaśidhavalāsthikapālam śmaśānam dr̥ṣṭam

22. Then a fierce cremation ground (śmaśāna) was seen, which was like a terrible body (vapu) of Rudra, providing pleasure to formidable vināyakas (malevolent spirits), covered in ashes and masses of snake-corpse heads, and possessing skulls and bones white like the moon.

Words meanings summery:

• विषमविनायकसुखदम् (viṣamavināyakasukhadam) - Describes the cremation ground as a place of enjoyment for malevolent spirits. (giving pleasure to formidable/terrible Vinayakas (malevolent spirits))

• वलितम् (valitam) - Describes the cremation ground as being covered with ashes and heads. (covered, surrounded, turned, bent)

• भस्म (bhasma) - The substance covering the cremation ground. (ashes)

• अहिशवशिरःप्रकरैः (ahiśavaśiraḥprakaraiḥ) - Describes what the cremation ground is covered with. (with heaps/masses of snake and corpse heads)

• शशिधवलास्थिकपालम् (śaśidhavalāsthikapālam) - Describes a characteristic feature of the cremation ground due to exposed bones. (whose bones and skulls are white like the moon)

• वपुः (vapuḥ) - Used in comparison: 'like a body'. (body, form, figure)

• इव (iva) - Comparison: 'like a terrible body'. (like, as if, as)

• रौद्रम् (raudram) - Describes both the 'śmaśānam' and, by implication, the 'vapuḥ' it is compared to, linking it to Rudra/Śiva. (terrible, fierce, frightful, pertaining to Rudra)

• श्मशानम् (śmaśānam) - The main object observed in this verse. (cremation ground, cemetery)

• अथ (atha) - Marks a transition to a new observation. (then, thereafter, now, thus)

• द्र्̥ष्टम् (dr̥ṣṭam) - The act of seeing the cremation ground. (seen, observed)

Words meanings and morphology

विषमविनायकसुखदम् (viṣamavināyakasukhadam) - Describes the cremation ground as a place of enjoyment for malevolent spirits. (giving pleasure to formidable/terrible Vinayakas (malevolent spirits))

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of viṣamavināyakasukhada

viṣamavināyakasukhada - giving pleasure to formidable/terrible Vinayakas

Compound type : tatpurusha (viṣama+vināyaka+sukha+da)

• viṣama – uneven, difficult, formidable, terrible
  adjective (neuter)
• vināyaka – leader, remover of obstacles, also specific malevolent spirits (vināyaka)
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: nī (class 1)
• sukha – happiness, pleasure, ease
  noun (neuter)
• da – giver, bestower
  adjective (neuter)
  From root दा (dā) 'to give'
  Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with 'śmaśānam'.

वलितम् (valitam) - Describes the cremation ground as being covered with ashes and heads. (covered, surrounded, turned, bent)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of valita

valita - covered, surrounded, turned, bent

Past Passive Participle

From root वल् (val) 'to turn, cover'

Root: val (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'śmaśānam'.

भस्म (bhasma) - The substance covering the cremation ground. (ashes)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhasman

bhasman - ashes

Note: Forms part of the covering agent, together with 'ahiśavaśiraḥprakaraiḥ'.

अहिशवशिरःप्रकरैः (ahiśavaśiraḥprakaraiḥ) - Describes what the cremation ground is covered with. (with heaps/masses of snake and corpse heads)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ahiśavaśiraḥprakara

ahiśavaśiraḥprakara - heaps/masses of snake and corpse heads

Compound type : tatpurusha (ahi+śava+śiras+prakara)

• ahi – snake, serpent
  noun (masculine)
• śava – corpse, dead body
  noun (masculine)
• śiras – head
  noun (neuter)
• prakara – heap, multitude, mass
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: kr̥ (class 8)

शशिधवलास्थिकपालम् (śaśidhavalāsthikapālam) - Describes a characteristic feature of the cremation ground due to exposed bones. (whose bones and skulls are white like the moon)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śaśidhavalāsthikapāla

śaśidhavalāsthikapāla - whose bones and skulls are white like the moon

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śaśi+dhavala+asthi+kapāla)

• śaśi – moon
  noun (masculine)
• dhavala – white, pure
  adjective (neuter)
• asthi – bone
  noun (neuter)
• kapāla – skull, begging bowl
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'śmaśānam'.

वपुः (vapuḥ) - Used in comparison: 'like a body'. (body, form, figure)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vapus

vapus - body, form, figure

इव (iva) - Comparison: 'like a terrible body'. (like, as if, as)

(indeclinable)

रौद्रम् (raudram) - Describes both the 'śmaśānam' and, by implication, the 'vapuḥ' it is compared to, linking it to Rudra/Śiva. (terrible, fierce, frightful, pertaining to Rudra)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of raudra

raudra - terrible, fierce, frightful, pertaining to Rudra

Derived from Rudra.

Note: Agrees with 'śmaśānam'.

श्मशानम् (śmaśānam) - The main object observed in this verse. (cremation ground, cemetery)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śmaśāna

śmaśāna - cremation ground, cemetery

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭam'.

अथ (atha) - Marks a transition to a new observation. (then, thereafter, now, thus)

(indeclinable)

द्र्̥ष्टम् (dr̥ṣṭam) - The act of seeing the cremation ground. (seen, observed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dr̥ṣṭa

dr̥ṣṭa - seen, observed

Past Passive Participle

From root दृश् (dṛś) 'to see'

Root: dr̥ś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'śmaśānam'.