योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-89, verse-28

अहनिष्यत्पुरैवासौ यद्यग्रे पतितं रिपुम् ।
तन्नालप्स्यत्ततो दुःख गजः खातनिबन्धनम् ॥ २८ ॥

ahaniṣyatpuraivāsau yadyagre patitaṃ ripum ,
tannālapsyattato duḥkha gajaḥ khātanibandhanam 28

28. ahaniṣyat purā eva asau yadi agre patitam ripum tat
na alapsyat tataḥ duḥkham gajaḥ khātanibandhanam

28. yadi asau purā eva agre patitam ripum ahaniṣyat,
tat tataḥ gajaḥ duḥkham khātanibandhanam na alapsyat

28. If that elephant had struck down his fallen enemy earlier, he would not have experienced the distress of being confined in the pit.

Words meanings summery:

• अहनिष्यत् (ahaniṣyat) - he would have struck/killed

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, before, in the past

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• असौ (asau) - he, that one

• यदि (yadi) - if

• अग्रे (agre) - in front, ahead, first

• पतितम् (patitam) - fallen, dropped down

• रिपुम् (ripum) - enemy, foe

• तत् (tat) - then, therefore, that

• न (na) - not, no

• अलप्स्यत् (alapsyat) - he would have obtained/gained

• ततः (tataḥ) - from that, then, therefore

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering, distress, misery

• गजः (gajaḥ) - the elephant

• खातनिबन्धनम् (khātanibandhanam) - confinement in a pit, pit-imprisonment

Words meanings and morphology

अहनिष्यत् (ahaniṣyat) - he would have struck/killed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, conditional (lṛṅ) of han

Conditional

Root han (2nd class, hanti), 3rd person singular active, lṛṅ (conditional mood).

Root: han (class 2)

पुरा (purā) - formerly, before, in the past

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

असौ (asau) - he, that one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adas

adas - that, this, yonder (demonstrative pronoun)

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

अग्रे (agre) - in front, ahead, first

(indeclinable)

पतितम् (patitam) - fallen, dropped down

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of patita

patita - fallen, dropped, descended

Past Passive Participle

From root pat (1st class, patati).

Root: pat (class 1)

रिपुम् (ripum) - enemy, foe

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ripu

ripu - enemy, foe, adversary

तत् (tat) - then, therefore, that

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अलप्स्यत् (alapsyat) - he would have obtained/gained

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, conditional (lṛṅ) of labh

Conditional

From root labh (1st class, labhate), 3rd person singular middle, lṛṅ (conditional mood). The initial 'ā' is part of the conditional stem formation for this root, not an upasarga here.

Root: labh (class 1)

Note: The initial 'ā' is part of the conditional stem formation for this root, not an upasarga here.

ततः (tataḥ) - from that, then, therefore

(indeclinable)

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering, distress, misery

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - suffering, pain, distress

गजः (gajaḥ) - the elephant

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gaja

gaja - elephant

खातनिबन्धनम् (khātanibandhanam) - confinement in a pit, pit-imprisonment

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of khātanibandhana

khātanibandhana - confinement in a pit, pit-binding

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (khāta+nibandhana)

• khāta – pit, ditch
  noun (neuter)
• nibandhana – binding, confinement, tying down
  noun (neuter)
  From ni + bandh + ana.
  Prefix: ni
  Root: bandh (class 9)

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