योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-21, verse-4

एवं प्राग्भुक्तदेहानामनन्ता जनबन्धुता ।
आः कैः किं गृह्यते ताभ्यः किं वा संत्यज्यतेऽनघ ॥ ४ ॥

evaṃ prāgbhuktadehānāmanantā janabandhutā ,
āḥ kaiḥ kiṃ gṛhyate tābhyaḥ kiṃ vā saṃtyajyate'nagha 4

4. evam prāgbhuktadehānām anantā janabandhutā āḥ kaiḥ
kim gṛhyate tābhyaḥ kim vā saṃtyajyate anagha

4. evam prāgbhuktadehānām anantā janabandhutā (asti).
āḥ anagha kaiḥ tābhyaḥ kim gṛhyate vā kim saṃtyajyate

4. Thus, for those who have previously experienced countless bodies, there is an endless kinship with various beings. Alas, O faultless one, what can be taken from these (relationships), or what can be truly abandoned?

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this way

• प्राग्भुक्तदेहानाम् (prāgbhuktadehānām) - Referring to souls/beings who have taken on many physical forms in past lives. (of those who have previously experienced bodies)

• अनन्ता (anantā) - endless, infinite

• जनबन्धुता (janabandhutā) - kinship with people, relationship with beings

• आः (āḥ) - Expresses lament or a rhetorical question. (alas!, ah!)

• कैः (kaiḥ) - by whom?

• किम् (kim) - what?

• गृह्यते (gṛhyate) - is taken, is seized, is grasped

• ताभ्यः (tābhyaḥ) - From these various relationships (`janabandhutā`). (from them)

• किम् (kim) - what?

• वा (vā) - or

• संत्यज्यते (saṁtyajyate) - is abandoned, is given up

• अनघ (anagha) - Addressing the listener, perhaps Rāma, indicating his purity. (O faultless one! O sinless one!)

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this way

(indeclinable)

प्राग्भुक्तदेहानाम् (prāgbhuktadehānām) - Referring to souls/beings who have taken on many physical forms in past lives. (of those who have previously experienced bodies)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of prāgbhuktadeha

prāgbhuktadeha - having previously enjoyed/experienced bodies

Bahuvrihi compound: `prāk` (before, formerly) + `bhukta` (experienced, enjoyed) + `deha` (body). "Whose bodies have been previously experienced".

Compound type : bahuvrihi (prāk+bhukta+deha)

• prāk – before, formerly, previously
  indeclinable
• bhukta – eaten, enjoyed, experienced
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `bhuj` (to enjoy, eat) with suffix `-ta`.
  Root: bhuj (class 7)
• deha – body
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dih (class 4)

अनन्ता (anantā) - endless, infinite

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ananta

ananta - endless, infinite, boundless

Compound: `an-` (negation) + `anta` (end). Nañ-tatpuruṣa.

Compound type : tatpurusha (a+anta)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• anta – end, limit, boundary
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ant

जनबन्धुता (janabandhutā) - kinship with people, relationship with beings

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of janabandhutā

janabandhutā - kinship with people/beings, relationship to mankind

Tatpurusha compound: `jana` (people, beings) + `bandhutā` (kinship, relationship).

Compound type : tatpurusha (jana+bandhutā)

• jana – person, people, human being, creature
  noun (masculine)
  From root `jan` (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)
• bandhutā – kinship, relationship, brotherhood
  noun (feminine)
  From `bandhu` (relative, kinsman) + suffix `-tā` (abstract noun).
  Root: bandh (class 1)

आः (āḥ) - Expresses lament or a rhetorical question. (alas!, ah!)

(indeclinable)

Interjection.

कैः (kaiḥ) - by whom?

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kim

kim - who, what, which

Masculine/neuter instrumental plural of `kim`.

किम् (kim) - what?

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which, why

Neuter nominative/accusative singular of `kim`. Also used as an indeclinable 'why?'.

Note: Functions as the object of `gṛhyate`.

गृह्यते (gṛhyate) - is taken, is seized, is grasped

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of grah

Present tense, 3rd person singular, passive voice

Root `grah` (9th class), passive formation `gṛh-yate`.

Root: grah (class 9)

ताभ्यः (tābhyaḥ) - From these various relationships (`janabandhutā`). (from them)

(pronoun)

Ablative, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Feminine dative/ablative plural of `tad`.

Note: Expresses "from them."

किम् (kim) - what?

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which, why

Neuter nominative/accusative singular of `kim`.

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects the two rhetorical questions.

संत्यज्यते (saṁtyajyate) - is abandoned, is given up

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of tyaj

Present tense, 3rd person singular, passive voice

Root `tyaj` (1st class) with prefix `sam-`, passive formation `tyaj-yate`.

Prefix: sam

Root: tyaj (class 1)

अनघ (anagha) - Addressing the listener, perhaps Rāma, indicating his purity. (O faultless one! O sinless one!)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of anagha

anagha - faultless, sinless, pure, innocent

Compound: `an-` (negation) + `agha` (sin, fault). Nañ-tatpuruṣa.

Compound type : tatpurusha (a+agha)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• agha – sin, fault, evil, distress
  noun (neuter)