योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-22, verse-22

अत्रोपकुरु मे ब्रूहि कोऽभ्यासः कीदृशोऽथवा ।
स कथं पोषमायाति पुष्टे तस्मिंश्च किं भवेत् ॥ २२ ॥

atropakuru me brūhi ko'bhyāsaḥ kīdṛśo'thavā ,
sa kathaṃ poṣamāyāti puṣṭe tasmiṃśca kiṃ bhavet 22

22. atra upakuru me brūhi kaḥ abhyāsaḥ kīdṛśaḥ athavā
saḥ katham poṣam āyāti puṣṭe tasmin ca kim bhavet

22. atra me upakuru,
brūhi kaḥ abhyāsaḥ,
athavā kīdṛśaḥ (saḥ),
saḥ katham poṣam āyāti,
ca tasmin puṣṭe kim bhavet

22. Please enlighten me regarding this. Tell me, what kind of spiritual practice (abhyāsa) is this? How does it attain nourishment? And what happens when that (practice) becomes fully developed?

Words meanings summery:

• अत्र (atra) - regarding this (here, in this matter, on this point)

• उपकुरु (upakuru) - enlighten me, favor me (help, do a favor, oblige)

• मे (me) - to me (to me, for me)

• ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell me (tell, say, speak)

• कः (kaḥ) - what (who, what)

• अभ्यासः (abhyāsaḥ) - spiritual practice (abhyāsa) (practice, repetition, spiritual exercise (abhyāsa))

• कीदृशः (kīdṛśaḥ) - what kind (of what kind, what sort, how)

• अथवा (athavā) - or (or, or else)

• सः (saḥ) - that (practice) (he, that)

• कथम् (katham) - how (how, in what manner)

• पोषम् (poṣam) - nourishment, strength (nourishment, growth, prosperity)

• आयाति (āyāti) - attains, gains (comes, attains, approaches)

• पुष्टे (puṣṭe) - when nourished, when fully developed (nourished, strong, developed, plump)

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - when that (practice) (in that)

• च (ca) - and, also (and, also, moreover)

• किम् (kim) - what (what, why)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - happens, occurs (may be, should be, would be, happens)

Words meanings and morphology

अत्र (atra) - regarding this (here, in this matter, on this point)

(indeclinable)

Locative adverb, from `idam` (this).

उपकुरु (upakuru) - enlighten me, favor me (help, do a favor, oblige)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of kṛ

Imperative active

From root `kṛ` (to do) with upasarga `upa`. Middle voice form `kurū` for 2nd singular imperative.

Prefix: upa

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Second person singular imperative, Atmanepada form.

मे (me) - to me (to me, for me)

(pronoun)

singular of aham

aham - I, myself

Enclitic form of the first person pronoun.

ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell me (tell, say, speak)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

Imperative active

Root `brū` (an alternative of `vac`), 2nd class (adādi).

Root: brū (class 2)

कः (kaḥ) - what (who, what)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Interrogative pronoun.

Note: Nominative singular masculine, referring to `abhyāsaḥ`.

अभ्यासः (abhyāsaḥ) - spiritual practice (abhyāsa) (practice, repetition, spiritual exercise (abhyāsa))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhyāsa

abhyāsa - practice, repetition, study, spiritual exercise, habit (abhyāsa)

Action noun

From root `as` (to throw) with upasargas `abhi` and `ā`.

Prefixes: abhi+ā

Root: as (class 4)

कीदृशः (kīdṛśaḥ) - what kind (of what kind, what sort, how)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kīdṛśa

kīdṛśa - of what kind, what sort, like what

From `kim` + `dṛś` (to see) + suffix `a`.

Root: dṛś

Note: Nominative singular masculine, agrees with `abhyāsaḥ`.

अथवा (athavā) - or (or, or else)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

सः (saḥ) - that (practice) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Nominative singular masculine, refers back to `abhyāsaḥ`. The visarga is dropped due to sandhi rules before a soft consonant (`katham`).

कथम् (katham) - how (how, in what manner)

(indeclinable)

Interrogative adverb.

पोषम् (poṣam) - nourishment, strength (nourishment, growth, prosperity)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of poṣa

poṣa - nourishment, fostering, growth, prosperity

Verbal noun

From root `puṣ` (to nourish, thrive).

Root: puṣ (class 4)

आयाति (āyāti) - attains, gains (comes, attains, approaches)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of yā

Present active indicative

From root `yā` (to go) with upasarga `ā`.

Prefix: ā

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: The verb `yāti` (goes) with `ā` (towards) implies 'comes' or 'attains'.

पुष्टे (puṣṭe) - when nourished, when fully developed (nourished, strong, developed, plump)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine/neuter, singular of puṣṭa

puṣṭa - nourished, cherished, strong, fully grown, plump

Past Passive Participle

From root `puṣ` (to nourish, thrive).

Root: puṣ (class 4)

Note: Locative singular, forms a locative absolute with `tasmin`. Refers to `abhyāsa`.

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - when that (practice) (in that)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine/neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Locative singular, agrees with `puṣṭe`. Refers to `abhyāsa`.

च (ca) - and, also (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

किम् (kim) - what (what, why)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why

Interrogative pronoun.

Note: Functions as the subject of `bhavet`.

भवेत् (bhavet) - happens, occurs (may be, should be, would be, happens)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū

Optative active

From root `bhū` (to be).

Root: bhū (class 1)