योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-22, verse-20

जीवितं मरणं चैव संकल्पपुरुषे यथा ।
असत्यमेव भात्येव तस्मिन्पुत्रि शरीरके ॥ २० ॥

jīvitaṃ maraṇaṃ caiva saṃkalpapuruṣe yathā ,
asatyameva bhātyeva tasminputri śarīrake 20

20. jīvitam maraṇam ca eva saṅkalpapuruṣe yathā
asatyam eva bhāti eva tasmin putri śarīrake

20. putri yathā saṅkalpapuruṣe jīvitam maraṇam ca eva asatyam eva bhāti eva,
tasmin śarīrake

20. O daughter, just as life and death appear unreal in a being that exists merely as a mental conception (saṅkalpa-puruṣa), so too do they appear unreal in that (physical) body.

Words meanings summery:

• जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life (life, living)

• मरणम् (maraṇam) - death (death, dying)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, very, just)

• सङ्कल्पपुरुषे (saṅkalpapuruṣe) - in a being that exists merely as a mental conception (saṅkalpa-puruṣa) (in a person of resolve/conception/imagination)

• यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, according to)

• असत्यम् (asatyam) - unreal (unreal, false, untrue)

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, very, just)

• भाति (bhāti) - appear (shines, appears, seems)

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, very, just)

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that

• पुत्रि (putri) - O daughter

• शरीरके (śarīrake) - in that (physical) body (in the body)

Words meanings and morphology

जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life (life, living)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jīvita

jīvita - living, life, livelihood, existence

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `jīv` (to live), used as a noun.

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: The form `jīvitam` can be nominative or accusative singular neuter. Here it functions as nominative.

मरणम् (maraṇam) - death (death, dying)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of maraṇa

maraṇa - death, dying, act of dying

Verbal noun

Derived from root `mṛ` (to die) with suffix `-ana`.

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: The form `maraṇam` can be nominative or accusative singular neuter. Here it functions as nominative.

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, very, just)

(indeclinable)

Particle used for emphasis.

सङ्कल्पपुरुषे (saṅkalpapuruṣe) - in a being that exists merely as a mental conception (saṅkalpa-puruṣa) (in a person of resolve/conception/imagination)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṅkalpapuruṣa

saṅkalpapuruṣa - a person whose reality is based on resolve/conception; a being formed by thought/imagination

Tatpurusha compound.

Compound type : tatpurusha (saṅkalpa+puruṣa)

• saṅkalpa – resolve, intention, conception, mental construction, imagination
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root `kḷp` with upasarga `sam`.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: kḷp (class 1)
• puruṣa – man, person, male, human being, the cosmic person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)

यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, according to)

(indeclinable)

Correlative adverb.

असत्यम् (asatyam) - unreal (unreal, false, untrue)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of asatya

asatya - unreal, false, untrue, non-existent

Nañ-tatpuruṣa compound of `a` (not) + `satya` (true/real).

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+satya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• satya – true, real, existent, truth, reality
  adjective (neuter)
  From root `as` (to be).
  Root: as (class 2)

Note: Agrees with `jīvitam` and `maraṇam`.

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, very, just)

(indeclinable)

Particle used for emphasis.

भाति (bhāti) - appear (shines, appears, seems)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of bhā

Present active indicative

2nd class (adādi) verb.

Root: bhā (class 2)

Note: The subject `jīvitam maraṇam ca` is treated as singular (neuter) with a singular verb, or `bhāti` applies to each noun implicitly.

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, very, just)

(indeclinable)

Particle used for emphasis.

Note: Used for further emphasis.

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine/neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to `śarīrake`.

पुत्रि (putri) - O daughter

(noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of putrī

putrī - daughter

Feminine form of `putra`.

शरीरके (śarīrake) - in that (physical) body (in the body)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of śarīraka

śarīraka - body, corporeal

Diminutive or merely alternative form of `śarīra`.

Root: śṝ

Note: Agrees with `tasmin`.