योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-19, verse-5

स विप्रस्तस्य शैलस्य सानौ सरलशाद्वले ।
कदाचिदुपविष्टः सन्ददर्शाधो महीपतिम् ॥ ५ ॥

sa viprastasya śailasya sānau saralaśādvale ,
kadācidupaviṣṭaḥ sandadarśādho mahīpatim 5

5. saḥ vipraḥ tasya śailasya sānau sarala-śādvale
kadācit upaviṣṭaḥ san dadarśa adhaḥ mahīpatim

5. saḥ vipraḥ kadācit tasya śailasya sarala-śādvale
sānau upaviṣṭaḥ san adhaḥ mahīpatim dadarśa

5. Once, that Brahmin, while seated on a grassy spot on the peak of that mountain, saw the king below.

5. יום אחד, כאשר ישב אותו בְּרַהְמָן על מדרון ההר המכוסה כר דשא רענן, הוא ראה מלמעלה מלך הצועד למטה.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that (referring to the Brahmin) (that, he)

• विप्रः (vipraḥ) - the Brahmin (Brahmin, inspired person, sage)

• तस्य (tasya) - of that (mountain) (of that, his)

• शैलस्य (śailasya) - of that mountain (of the mountain, of the rock)

• सानौ (sānau) - on the peak (on the peak, on the summit, on the ridge)

• सरल-शाद्वले (sarala-śādvale) - on a grassy spot (perhaps with pine trees) (on a grassy spot with pine trees; on a smooth, grassy spot)

• कदाचित् (kadācit) - once (once, at some time, sometimes)

• उपविष्टः (upaviṣṭaḥ) - seated (seated, sitting)

• सन् (san) - while being (seated) (being, existing)

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw (he saw, looked)

• अधः (adhaḥ) - below (from his vantage point) (below, down)

• महीपतिम् (mahīpatim) - the king (king, lord of the earth)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that (referring to the Brahmin) (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

विप्रः (vipraḥ) - the Brahmin (Brahmin, inspired person, sage)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vipra

vipra - Brahmin, inspired person, poet, sage

तस्य (tasya) - of that (mountain) (of that, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

शैलस्य (śailasya) - of that mountain (of the mountain, of the rock)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śaila

śaila - mountain, rock

सानौ (sānau) - on the peak (on the peak, on the summit, on the ridge)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of sānu

sānu - peak, summit, ridge, level ground on top of a mountain

सरल-शाद्वले (sarala-śādvale) - on a grassy spot (perhaps with pine trees) (on a grassy spot with pine trees; on a smooth, grassy spot)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of saralaśādvala

saralaśādvala - pine-grassy, smooth-grassy

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarala+śādvala)

• sarala – straight, simple, pine tree
  noun (masculine)
• śādvala – grassy, verdant, a grassy spot
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies sānu.

कदाचित् (kadācit) - once (once, at some time, sometimes)

(indeclinable)

उपविष्टः (upaviṣṭaḥ) - seated (seated, sitting)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upaviṣṭa

upaviṣṭa - seated, sitting

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root viś (to enter) with upasarga upa, in passive voice.

Prefix: upa

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Modifies vipraḥ.

सन् (san) - while being (seated) (being, existing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sat

sat - being, existing, good, real

Present Active Participle

Derived from root as (to be).

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Used to form a circumstantial clause: "while being".

ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw (he saw, looked)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (liṭ) of dṛś

Perfect Tense

Reduplicated perfect 3rd person singular active.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

अधः (adhaḥ) - below (from his vantage point) (below, down)

(indeclinable)

महीपतिम् (mahīpatim) - the king (king, lord of the earth)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahīpati

mahīpati - king, lord of the earth

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahī+pati)

• mahī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of dadarśa.

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