योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-118, verse-8

स्थितः किं मूढ एवास्मि प्रेक्ष्येऽहं शास्त्रसज्जनैः ।
वैराग्यपूर्वमिच्छेति शुभेच्छेत्युच्यते बुधैः ॥ ८ ॥

sthitaḥ kiṃ mūḍha evāsmi prekṣye'haṃ śāstrasajjanaiḥ ,
vairāgyapūrvamiccheti śubhecchetyucyate budhaiḥ 8

8. sthitaḥ kim mūḍhaḥ eva asmi prekṣye aham śāstra-sajjanaiḥ
vairāgya-pūrvam icchā iti śubha-icchā iti ucyate budhaiḥ

8. aham kim mūḍhaḥ eva sthitaḥ asmi (ca) aham śāstra-sajjanaiḥ prekṣye.
vairāgya-pūrvam icchā iti śubha-icchā iti budhaiḥ ucyate.

8. "Am I merely remaining deluded while I am observed by scriptures and virtuous individuals?" This desire, which is preceded by dispassion (vairāgya), is called "auspicious desire" (śubhecchā) by the wise.

Words meanings summery:

• स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - remaining (in a state) (standing, situated, remaining, fixed)

• किम् (kim) - interrogative particle, implying a question (what, why, whether, interrogative particle)

• मूढः (mūḍhaḥ) - deluded, in a state of ignorance (deluded, foolish, bewildered)

• एव (eva) - merely (only, merely, indeed, certainly)

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am, expressing existence or state (I am)

• प्रेक्ष्ये (prekṣye) - I am observed, I am examined (I am seen, I am observed, I am looked upon)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• शास्त्र-सज्जनैः (śāstra-sajjanaiḥ) - by the teachings of scriptures and the company of virtuous individuals (by scriptures and good people)

• वैराग्य-पूर्वम् (vairāgya-pūrvam) - having dispassion (vairāgya) as its prerequisite or origin (preceded by dispassion, having dispassion as its prior condition)

• इच्छा (icchā) - desire, a specific type of aspiration (desire, wish)

• इति (iti) - quotation marker, indicating a definition or a name (thus, so, in this way, quotation marker)

• शुभ-इच्छा (śubha-icchā) - an auspicious desire, referring to the first stage of yoga practice (auspicious desire, good wish)

• इति (iti) - quotation marker, indicating a definition or a name (thus, so, in this way, quotation marker)

• उच्यते (ucyate) - is called, is named (is said, is called, is spoken of)

• बुधैः (budhaiḥ) - by the wise sages or spiritual masters (by the wise, by scholars)

Words meanings and morphology

स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - remaining (in a state) (standing, situated, remaining, fixed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - standing, situated, remaining, fixed, firm, steady

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sthā (1P) 'to stand' with suffix -kta

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Used predicatively with `asmi`

किम् (kim) - interrogative particle, implying a question (what, why, whether, interrogative particle)

(indeclinable)

मूढः (mūḍhaḥ) - deluded, in a state of ignorance (deluded, foolish, bewildered)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mūḍha

mūḍha - deluded, foolish, bewildered, ignorant

Past Passive Participle

From root muh (4P) 'to be bewildered' + -kta

Root: muh (class 4)

एव (eva) - merely (only, merely, indeed, certainly)

(indeclinable)

अस्मि (asmi) - I am, expressing existence or state (I am)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (lat) of as

Present Tense

Root 'as' (2P), Present, 1st person singular

Root: as (class 2)

प्रेक्ष्ये (prekṣye) - I am observed, I am examined (I am seen, I am observed, I am looked upon)

(verb)

1st person , singular, passive, present (lat) of pra-īkṣ

Present Tense Passive

From root īkṣ (1A) 'to see' with prefix pra-, Present, 1st person singular, Passive voice

Prefix: pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

aham - I (first person singular pronoun)

शास्त्र-सज्जनैः (śāstra-sajjanaiḥ) - by the teachings of scriptures and the company of virtuous individuals (by scriptures and good people)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śāstra-sajjana

śāstra-sajjana - scriptures and good people; virtuous individuals who adhere to scriptures

Compound type : dvandva (śāstra+sajjana)

• śāstra – scripture, sacred text, treatise, rule
  noun (neuter)
  From root śās 'to teach, instruct'
  Root: śās (class 2)
• sajjana – good person, virtuous individual, upright person
  noun (masculine)
  From sat 'good, virtuous' + jana 'person'

Note: The instrumental plural suggests agency for the passive verb `prekṣye`

वैराग्य-पूर्वम् (vairāgya-pūrvam) - having dispassion (vairāgya) as its prerequisite or origin (preceded by dispassion, having dispassion as its prior condition)

(indeclinable)

Bahuvrihi compound 'that in which dispassion is primary/prior'

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vairāgya+pūrva)

• vairāgya – dispassion, detachment, indifference to worldly objects
  noun (neuter)
  From vi-rañj 'to be discolored, detached'
  Prefix: vi
  Root: rañj (class 1)
• pūrva – prior, preceding, former, eastern
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Adverbial accusative of an adjective, modifying the nature of the desire

इच्छा (icchā) - desire, a specific type of aspiration (desire, wish)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of icchā

icchā - desire, wish, longing, will

From root iṣ (6P, 4P) 'to wish, desire'

Root: iṣ (class 6)

इति (iti) - quotation marker, indicating a definition or a name (thus, so, in this way, quotation marker)

(indeclinable)

शुभ-इच्छा (śubha-icchā) - an auspicious desire, referring to the first stage of yoga practice (auspicious desire, good wish)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śubha-icchā

śubha-icchā - auspicious desire, good wish, benevolent intention

Compound formed from `śubha` (adjective 'auspicious') and `icchā` (noun 'desire')

Compound type : karmadhāraya (śubha+icchā)

• śubha – auspicious, good, beautiful, propitious
  adjective (neuter)
• icchā – desire, wish, longing
  noun (feminine)
  From root iṣ 'to wish'
  Root: iṣ (class 6)

इति (iti) - quotation marker, indicating a definition or a name (thus, so, in this way, quotation marker)

(indeclinable)

Note: Repetition for emphasis or clarity of the naming

उच्यते (ucyate) - is called, is named (is said, is called, is spoken of)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of vac

Present Tense Passive

From root vac (2P) 'to speak', Present, 3rd person singular, Passive voice

Root: vac (class 2)

बुधैः (budhaiḥ) - by the wise sages or spiritual masters (by the wise, by scholars)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of budha

budha - wise, intelligent, learned person, a sage

From root budh (1A, 4A) 'to know, understand'

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Denotes agency for the passive verb `ucyate`