योगवासिष्ठः
yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ
-
book-2, chapter-7, verse-3
ये समुद्योगमुत्सृज्य स्थिता दैवपरायणाः ।
ते धर्ममर्थं कामं च नाशयन्त्यात्मविद्विषः ॥ ३ ॥
ते धर्ममर्थं कामं च नाशयन्त्यात्मविद्विषः ॥ ३ ॥
ye samudyogamutsṛjya sthitā daivaparāyaṇāḥ ,
te dharmamarthaṃ kāmaṃ ca nāśayantyātmavidviṣaḥ 3
te dharmamarthaṃ kāmaṃ ca nāśayantyātmavidviṣaḥ 3
3.
ye samudyogam utsṛjya sthitāḥ daivaparāyaṇāḥ te
dharmam artham kāmam ca nāśayanti ātma-vidviṣaḥ
dharmam artham kāmam ca nāśayanti ātma-vidviṣaḥ
3.
ye samudyogam utsṛjya daivaparāyaṇāḥ sthitāḥ,
te ātma-vidviṣaḥ dharmam artham kāmam ca nāśayanti
te ātma-vidviṣaḥ dharmam artham kāmam ca nāśayanti
3.
Those who abandon great effort and rely solely on destiny (daivam), they are enemies to themselves (ātma-vidviṣaḥ), destroying (their chances for) righteousness (dharma), prosperity, and pleasure.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- ये (ye) - those individuals (who (plural), those who)
- समुद्योगम् (samudyogam) - diligent and organized endeavor (great effort, exertion, enterprise, preparation)
- उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - having neglected or ceased to perform (having abandoned, having given up, having renounced)
- स्थिताः (sthitāḥ) - remaining in a state of, having become (having stood, being, situated)
- दैवपरायणाः (daivaparāyaṇāḥ) - those who have made destiny their ultimate resort (relying on destiny, dependent on fate)
- ते (te) - those very people (they)
- धर्मम् (dharmam) - moral and ethical conduct, one's prescribed duty (righteousness, duty, virtue, natural law (dharma))
- अर्थम् (artham) - economic well-being or material success (purpose, meaning, wealth, prosperity, material gain)
- कामम् (kāmam) - sensual enjoyment or fulfillment of legitimate desires (desire, wish, pleasure, love)
- च (ca) - connects the list of objects (and, also)
- नाशयन्ति (nāśayanti) - they undermine or make impossible to achieve (they destroy, cause to perish, ruin)
- आत्म-विद्विषः (ātma-vidviṣaḥ) - those who act against their own best interests (self-haters, enemies of themselves)
Words meanings and morphology
ये (ye) - those individuals (who (plural), those who)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of yad
yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)
समुद्योगम् (samudyogam) - diligent and organized endeavor (great effort, exertion, enterprise, preparation)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of samudyoga
samudyoga - combined effort, great exertion, enterprise
Compound of 'sam' (together), 'ud' (up), and √yuj ('to join, apply').
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sam+ud+yoga)
- sam – together, with, completely
indeclinable
Prefix. - ud – up, forth
indeclinable
Prefix. - yoga – union, conjunction, application, effort, spiritual discipline (yoga)
noun (masculine)
From root √yuj.
Root: yuj (class 7)
Note: Object of 'utsṛjya'.
उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - having neglected or ceased to perform (having abandoned, having given up, having renounced)
(indeclinable)
gerund/absolutive
From verb root √sṛj ('to create, emit') with prefix 'ut'.
Prefix: ut
Root: sṛj (class 6)
स्थिताः (sthitāḥ) - remaining in a state of, having become (having stood, being, situated)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of sthita
sthita - standing, situated, existing, being in a certain state
Past Passive Participle
From root √sthā ('to stand').
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: Used here to indicate a state or condition.
दैवपरायणाः (daivaparāyaṇāḥ) - those who have made destiny their ultimate resort (relying on destiny, dependent on fate)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of daivaparāyaṇa
daivaparāyaṇa - having destiny as the chief object, devoted to fate, relying on destiny
Tatpuruṣa compound: 'daiva' (destiny) + 'parāyaṇa' (ultimate resort, dependent on).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (daiva+parāyaṇa)
- daiva – divine, relating to the gods, fate, destiny
noun (neuter)
Derived from 'deva'. - parāyaṇa – chief object, ultimate aim, dependent on, devoted to
adjective
ते (te) - those very people (they)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that (demonstrative pronoun)
धर्मम् (dharmam) - moral and ethical conduct, one's prescribed duty (righteousness, duty, virtue, natural law (dharma))
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma
dharma - righteousness, moral law, duty, virtue, constitution, natural law (dharma), intrinsic nature
From root √dhṛ ('to uphold, support').
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
Note: Object of 'nāśayanti'.
अर्थम् (artham) - economic well-being or material success (purpose, meaning, wealth, prosperity, material gain)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of artha
artha - aim, purpose, object, meaning, wealth, prosperity
Note: Object of 'nāśayanti'.
कामम् (kāmam) - sensual enjoyment or fulfillment of legitimate desires (desire, wish, pleasure, love)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of kāma
kāma - desire, wish, love, pleasure, sensual enjoyment
From root √kam ('to desire').
Root: kam (class 1)
Note: Object of 'nāśayanti'.
च (ca) - connects the list of objects (and, also)
(indeclinable)
Conjunction.
नाशयन्ति (nāśayanti) - they undermine or make impossible to achieve (they destroy, cause to perish, ruin)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of nāśaya
present tense, 3rd person plural, active voice (causative)
Causative stem of root √naś ('to perish, be lost'). Formed as √nāśi.
Root: naś (class 4)
आत्म-विद्विषः (ātma-vidviṣaḥ) - those who act against their own best interests (self-haters, enemies of themselves)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of ātma-vidviṣ
ātma-vidviṣ - hostile to oneself, self-hating
Tatpuruṣa compound: 'ātman' (self) + 'vidviṣ' (hating, hostile).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ātman+vidviṣ)
- ātman – Self, soul, spirit, individual essence (ātman)
noun (masculine)
Root: an (class 2) - vidviṣ – hating, hostile, enemy
adjective
Derived from root √dviṣ ('to hate') with 'vi'.
Prefix: vi
Root: dviṣ (class 2)