वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-61, verse-9

तद्दृष्ट्वा विफलं कर्म राक्षसः पुनरेव तु ।
पादपान् सुबहून् गृह्य शत्रुघ्ने व्यसृजद्बली ॥९॥

9. taddṛṣṭvā viphalaṃ karma rākṣasaḥ punareva tu ,
pādapān subahūn gṛhya śatrughne vyasṛjadbalī.

9. tat dṛṣṭvā viphalam karma rākṣasaḥ punar eva tu
pādapān su-bahūn gṛhya śatrughne vyasṛjat balī

9. rākṣasaḥ balī tat viphalam karma dṛṣṭvā punar
eva tu su-bahūn pādapān gṛhya śatrughne vyasṛjat

9. Upon seeing that action (karma) was futile, the mighty demon (rākṣasa) again seized many trees and hurled them at Śatrughna.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - that action (that, this)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• विफलम् (viphalam) - fruitless, futile, in vain, unsuccessful

• कर्म (karma) - that action (karma) of throwing the tree (action, deed, work)

• राक्षसः (rākṣasaḥ) - Lavaṇa, the demon (rākṣasa) (demon, rākṣasa)

• पुनर् (punar) - again, once more, back

• एव (eva) - only, indeed, just, certainly

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, however

• पादपान् (pādapān) - trees

• सु-बहून् (su-bahūn) - very many, numerous

• गृह्य (gṛhya) - having taken, seizing, grasping

• शत्रुघ्ने (śatrughne) - at Śatrughna, towards Śatrughna

• व्यसृजत् (vyasṛjat) - he hurled, he discharged, he released

• बली (balī) - the powerful demon (strong, powerful)

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - that action (that, this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it

Accusative singular neuter of `tad`.

Note: Object of `dṛṣṭvā`.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root `dṛś` (to see) with suffix `ktvā`.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

विफलम् (viphalam) - fruitless, futile, in vain, unsuccessful

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of viphala

viphala - fruitless, ineffectual, futile, barren

Compound `vi` (without) + `phala` (fruit, result).

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (vi+phala)

• vi – without, apart, against
  indeclinable
• phala – fruit, result, consequence, reward
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies `karma`.

कर्म (karma) - that action (karma) of throwing the tree (action, deed, work)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, work, ritual, destiny (karma)

From root `kṛ` (to do, make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of `dṛṣṭvā`.

राक्षसः (rākṣasaḥ) - Lavaṇa, the demon (rākṣasa) (demon, rākṣasa)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - a demon, an evil being, a monstrous being (rākṣasa)

Derived from `rakṣas` (evil spirit)

Note: Subject of `vyasṛjat`.

पुनर् (punar) - again, once more, back

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

Note: Combined with `eva`.

एव (eva) - only, indeed, just, certainly

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, however

(indeclinable)

Conjunction/particle.

पादपान् (pādapān) - trees

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pādapa

pādapa - tree (lit. 'drinking by foot', i.e., by roots)

Compound `pāda` (foot/root) + `pa` (drinking, from root `pā`).

Compound type : Tatpurusha (pāda+pa)

• pāda – foot, root, ray
  noun (masculine)
• pa – drinking, guarding
  adjective
  Agent noun/suffix
  From root `pā` (to drink/protect)
  Root: pā (class 1)

Note: Object of `gṛhya` and `vyasṛjat`.

सु-बहून् (su-bahūn) - very many, numerous

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of su-bahu

su-bahu - very many, exceedingly numerous

Adverbial prefix `su` (good, well, very) + `bahu` (many).

Compound type : Pra-Tatpurusha (su+bahu)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
• bahu – many, much, numerous
  adjective

गृह्य (gṛhya) - having taken, seizing, grasping

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root `grah` (to seize) with suffix `ktvā` (sometimes `lyap` is also used for `grah` even without a prefix according to Pāṇini 7.1.37).

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Action performed before `vyasṛjat`.

शत्रुघ्ने (śatrughne) - at Śatrughna, towards Śatrughna

(proper noun)

masculine, singular of śatrughna

śatrughna - Śatrughna (name of a brother of Rama, 'slayer of foes')

Note: Target of the hurling action.

व्यसृजत् (vyasṛjat) - he hurled, he discharged, he released

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of vi-sṛj

Imperfect Tense, Active Voice

3rd person singular imperfect active of root `sṛj` (6P/A) with prefix `vi`. Augment `a-`.

Prefix: vi

Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

बली (balī) - the powerful demon (strong, powerful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of balin

balin - strong, powerful, mighty, vigorous

Adjective formed from `bala` (strength) with suffix `in`.