वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-61, verse-20

तं दीप्तमिव कालाग्निं युगान्ते समुपस्थिते ।
दृष्ट्वा सर्वाणि भूतानि परित्रासमुपागमन् ॥२०॥

20. taṃ dīptamiva kālāgniṃ yugānte samupasthite ,
dṛṣṭvā sarvāṇi bhūtāni paritrāsamupāgaman.

20. tam dīptam iva kālāgnim yugānte samupasthite
dṛṣṭvā sarvāṇi bhūtāni paritrāsam upāgaman

20. sarvāṇi bhūtāni yugānte samupasthite tam
kālāgnim dīptam iva dṛṣṭvā paritrāsam upāgaman

20. Having seen that entity, blazing like the fire of universal dissolution (kālāgni) when the end of the age (yuga) had arrived, all beings became extremely terrified.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - that entity (referring to the winged creature from the previous verse) (him, that)

• दीप्तम् (dīptam) - blazing, shining, inflamed

• इव (iva) - like, as if

• कालाग्निम् (kālāgnim) - the fire of universal dissolution

• युगान्ते (yugānte) - at the end of the age/eon

• समुपस्थिते (samupasthite) - when it had approached/arrived

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• सर्वाणि (sarvāṇi) - all

• भूतानि (bhūtāni) - beings, creatures, elements

• परित्रासम् (paritrāsam) - great fear, extreme terror

• उपागमन् (upāgaman) - they obtained, they approached, they experienced

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - that entity (referring to the winged creature from the previous verse) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him, her, it

Note: Refers to the male 'patatrin' mentioned in the previous verse.

दीप्तम् (dīptam) - blazing, shining, inflamed

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dīpta

dīpta - blazing, shining, bright, inflamed

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of verb root √dīp (to shine)

Root: dīp (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'tam'.

इव (iva) - like, as if

(indeclinable)

कालाग्निम् (kālāgnim) - the fire of universal dissolution

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kālāgni

kālāgni - the fire of universal dissolution, the destructive fire at the end of an eon

Tatpurusha compound: kāla (time/death) + agni (fire)

Compound type : tatpurusha (kāla+agni)

• kāla – time, death, god of death, fate
  noun (masculine)
• agni – fire, god of fire
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used metaphorically in comparison.

युगान्ते (yugānte) - at the end of the age/eon

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of yugānta

yugānta - end of an age or eon

Tatpurusha compound: yuga (age) + anta (end)

Compound type : tatpurusha (yuga+anta)

• yuga – age, eon, period of time
  noun (neuter)
• anta – end, limit
  noun (masculine)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.

समुपस्थिते (samupasthite) - when it had approached/arrived

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of samupasthita

samupasthita - approached, arrived, present, imminent

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of verb root √sthā (to stand) with prefixes sam- (together, completely) and upa- (near, towards).

Prefixes: sam+upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction with 'yugānte'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of verb root √dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

सर्वाणि (sarvāṇi) - all

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with 'bhūtāni'.

भूतानि (bhūtāni) - beings, creatures, elements

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of bhūta

bhūta - being, creature, element, ghost, that which has been

Past Passive Participle (used as noun)

Past Passive Participle of verb root √bhū (to be, to become), used substantively.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'upāgaman'.

परित्रासम् (paritrāsam) - great fear, extreme terror

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of paritrāsa

paritrāsa - great fear, extreme terror, alarm

Formed from prefix pari- (around, completely) and trāsa (fear, terror).

Note: Object of 'upāgaman'.

उपागमन् (upāgaman) - they obtained, they approached, they experienced

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of upāgam

Imperfect (past tense)

Third person plural imperfect active of verb root √gam (to go) with prefixes upa- (near) and ā- (towards).

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: gam (class 1)