वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-45, verse-5

आदायोवाच सौमित्रिं मित्राणां हर्षवर्धनम् ।
रथो ऽयं समनुप्राप्तो यत् कार्यं क्रियतां प्रभो ॥५॥

5. ādāyovāca saumitriṃ mitrāṇāṃ harṣavardhanam ,
ratho'yaṃ samanuprāpto yat kāryaṃ kriyatāṃ prabho.

5. ādāya uvāca saumitrim mitrāṇām harṣavardhanam rathaḥ
ayam samanuprāptaḥ yat kāryam kriyatām prabho

5. ādāya saumitrim mitrāṇām harṣavardhanam uvāca prabho
ayam rathaḥ samanuprāptaḥ yat kāryam kriyatām

5. (Sumantra) having taken (the reins or the lead), spoke to Lakṣmaṇa, the son of Sumitrā, who was the delight of his friends: "My lord, this chariot has arrived. Whatever task needs to be performed, let it be done."

Words meanings summery:

• आदाय (ādāya) - having taken (the message or the lead for the journey) (having taken, having received, having seized)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he (Sumantra) spoke (he spoke, he said)

• सौमित्रिम् (saumitrim) - to Lakṣmaṇa (to the son of Sumitrā, to Lakṣmaṇa)

• मित्राणाम् (mitrāṇām) - of his (Lakṣmaṇa's) friends (of friends, of companions)

• हर्षवर्धनम् (harṣavardhanam) - the one who increases the joy (of his friends) (increasing joy, delighting)

• रथः (rathaḥ) - the chariot (for the journey) (chariot, car)

• अयम् (ayam) - this (chariot) (this, this one)

• समनुप्राप्तः (samanuprāptaḥ) - has arrived (arrived, attained, reached)

• यत् (yat) - whatever (whatever, which, that)

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - task (to be performed) (work, duty, what is to be done)

• क्रियताम् (kriyatām) - let it (the task) be done (let it be done, may it be done)

• प्रभो (prabho) - O lord (addressing Lakṣmaṇa) (O lord, O master)

Words meanings and morphology

आदाय (ādāya) - having taken (the message or the lead for the journey) (having taken, having received, having seized)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root DĀ with prefix Ā and suffix -ya (after a prefix).

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

उवाच (uvāca) - he (Sumantra) spoke (he spoke, he said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

3rd person singular, Perfect active, of root VAC.

Root: vac (class 2)

सौमित्रिम् (saumitrim) - to Lakṣmaṇa (to the son of Sumitrā, to Lakṣmaṇa)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saumitri

saumitri - son of Sumitrā (Lakṣmaṇa)

Patronymic from Sumitrā.

मित्राणाम् (mitrāṇām) - of his (Lakṣmaṇa's) friends (of friends, of companions)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of mitra

mitra - friend, companion

हर्षवर्धनम् (harṣavardhanam) - the one who increases the joy (of his friends) (increasing joy, delighting)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of harṣavardhana

harṣavardhana - joy-increasing, delighting

Compound formed from harṣa (joy) and vardhana (increasing, from root VṚDH 'to grow/increase').

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (harṣa+vardhana)

• harṣa – joy, delight
  noun (masculine)
  From root HṚṢ 'to be glad'.
  Root: hṛṣ (class 1)
• vardhana – increasing, causing to grow, one who increases
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun/Adjective
  From root VṚDH with suffix -ana.
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `saumitrim`.

रथः (rathaḥ) - the chariot (for the journey) (chariot, car)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Root: rath

अयम् (ayam) - this (chariot) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Agrees with `rathaḥ`.

समनुप्राप्तः (samanuprāptaḥ) - has arrived (arrived, attained, reached)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samanuprāpta

samanuprāpta - arrived, reached, obtained

Past Passive Participle

From root ĀP with prefixes SAM and ANU, and suffix -ta.

Prefixes: sam+anu+pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Agrees with `rathaḥ`.

यत् (yat) - whatever (whatever, which, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, whatever, that

Relative pronoun.

Note: Agrees with `kāryam`.

कार्यम् (kāryam) - task (to be performed) (work, duty, what is to be done)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, duty, action, work, business

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

From root KṚ with suffix -ya.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

क्रियताम् (kriyatām) - let it (the task) be done (let it be done, may it be done)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of kṛ

Imperative Passive

3rd person singular, Imperative passive, of root KṚ.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

प्रभो (prabho) - O lord (addressing Lakṣmaṇa) (O lord, O master)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of prabhu

prabhu - lord, master, mighty

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)