वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-45, verse-23

जाह्नवीतीरमासाद्य चिराभिलषितं मम ।
हर्षकाले किमर्थं मां विषादयसि लक्ष्मण ॥२३॥

23. jāhnavītīramāsādya cirābhilaṣitaṃ mama ,
harṣakāle kimarthaṃ māṃ viṣādayasi lakṣmaṇa.

23. jāhnavītīram āsādya cirābhilaṣitam mama
harṣakāle kimartham mām viṣādayasi lakṣmaṇa

23. Having reached the bank of the Ganga (jāhnavī), which I have longed for for a long time, why do you sadden me, Lakshmana (lakṣmaṇa), at a time of joy?

Words meanings summery:

• जाह्नवीतीरम् (jāhnavītīram) - the bank of the river Ganga (the bank of the Ganga (Jahnavi))

• आसाद्य (āsādya) - having reached (having reached, having obtained)

• चिराभिलषितम् (cirābhilaṣitam) - longed for for a long time (long-desired, longed for for a long time)

• मम (mama) - by me (genitive of agent for P.P.P.) (my, of me)

• हर्षकाले (harṣakāle) - at a time of joy

• किमर्थम् (kimartham) - why (why, for what purpose)

• माम् (mām) - me

• विषादयसि (viṣādayasi) - you sadden (you cause to be sad, you distress, you sadden)

• लक्ष्मण (lakṣmaṇa) - O Lakshmana (Rama's brother) (O Lakshmana)

Words meanings and morphology

जाह्नवीतीरम् (jāhnavītīram) - the bank of the river Ganga (the bank of the Ganga (Jahnavi))

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jāhnavītīra

jāhnavītīra - bank of the Jahnavi (Ganga)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jāhnavī+tīra)

• jāhnavī – the river Ganga
  proper noun (feminine)
• tīra – bank, shore, coast
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of āsādya.

आसाद्य (āsādya) - having reached (having reached, having obtained)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root sad with upasarga ā- and suffix -ya

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

चिराभिलषितम् (cirābhilaṣitam) - longed for for a long time (long-desired, longed for for a long time)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of cirābhilaṣita

cirābhilaṣita - long-desired, wished for for a long time

past passive participle

Compound: cira (long time) + abhilaṣita (desired). Abhilaṣita from abhilaṣ (abhilāṣ) 'to desire'

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (cira+abhilaṣita)

• cira – long time
  indeclinable
• abhilaṣita – desired, wished for
  adjective (neuter)
  past passive participle
  Derived from root laṣ with upasarga abhi-
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: laṣ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies jāhnavītīram.

मम (mama) - by me (genitive of agent for P.P.P.) (my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I, myself

Note: Agent of the passive participle cirābhilaṣitam.

हर्षकाले (harṣakāle) - at a time of joy

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of harṣakāla

harṣakāla - time of joy, joyful period

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (harṣa+kāla)

• harṣa – joy, delight, happiness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: hṛṣ (class 1)
• kāla – time, season, period
  noun (masculine)

Note: Expresses 'at what time'.

किमर्थम् (kimartham) - why (why, for what purpose)

(indeclinable)

Compound: kim (what) + artha (purpose)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kim+artha)

• kim – what, which
  pronoun (neuter)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adverbial.

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I, myself

Note: Object of viṣādayasi.

विषादयसि (viṣādayasi) - you sadden (you cause to be sad, you distress, you sadden)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of viṣāday

causative present

Causative form of root sad with upasarga vi-, 2nd person singular, present tense

Prefix: vi

Root: ṣad (class 1)

लक्ष्मण (lakṣmaṇa) - O Lakshmana (Rama's brother) (O Lakshmana)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakshmana

Note: Address.