वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-4, verse-10

ते सत्त्वाः सत्त्वकर्तारं विनीतवदुपस्थिताः ।
किं कुर्म इति भाषन्तः क्षुत्पिपासाभयार्दिताः ॥१०॥

10. te sattvāḥ sattvakartāraṃ vinītavadupasthitāḥ ,
kiṃ kurma iti bhāṣantaḥ kṣutpipāsābhayārditāḥ.

10. te sattvāḥ sattvakartāram vinītavat upasthitāḥ
kim kurma iti bhāṣantaḥ kṣutpipāsābhayārditāḥ

10. te sattvāḥ kṣutpipāsābhayārditāḥ vinītavat
sattvakartāram upasthitāḥ kim kurma iti bhāṣantaḥ

10. Those beings (sattva), afflicted by hunger, thirst, and fear, humbly approached their creator (prajāpati), asking, "What shall we do?"

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - those

• सत्त्वाः (sattvāḥ) - beings, creatures

• सत्त्वकर्तारम् (sattvakartāram) - to Prajāpati (to the creator of beings)

• विनीतवत् (vinītavat) - humbly, politely

• उपस्थिताः (upasthitāḥ) - stood near, approached

• किम् (kim) - what

• कुर्म (kurma) - shall we do?

• इति (iti) - marks direct speech (thus, so saying)

• भाषन्तः (bhāṣantaḥ) - speaking, saying

• क्षुत्पिपासाभयार्दिताः (kṣutpipāsābhayārditāḥ) - afflicted by hunger, thirst, and fear

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, this

सत्त्वाः (sattvāḥ) - beings, creatures

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sattva

sattva - being, creature, essence, reality, goodness

सत्त्वकर्तारम् (sattvakartāram) - to Prajāpati (to the creator of beings)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sattvakartṛ

sattvakartṛ - creator of beings

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sattva+kartṛ)

• sattva – being, creature
  noun (neuter)
• kartṛ – doer, creator, agent
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  from root kṛ with suffix -tṛ
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

विनीतवत् (vinītavat) - humbly, politely

(indeclinable)

formed from vinīta (past passive participle) + -vat (suffix indicating 'like' or 'as')

उपस्थिताः (upasthitāḥ) - stood near, approached

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of upasthita

upasthita - stood near, approached, present, ready

Past Passive Participle

from root sthā (to stand) with prefix upa

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

किम् (kim) - what

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, who, which

कुर्म (kurma) - shall we do?

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of kṛ

Present Indicative (laṭ), Imperative (loṭ), or Subjunctive

1st person plural

Root: kṛ (class 8)

इति (iti) - marks direct speech (thus, so saying)

(indeclinable)

भाषन्तः (bhāṣantaḥ) - speaking, saying

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhāṣant

bhāṣant - speaking, saying

Present Active Participle

from root bhāṣ (to speak) with present participle suffix

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

क्षुत्पिपासाभयार्दिताः (kṣutpipāsābhayārditāḥ) - afflicted by hunger, thirst, and fear

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṣutpipāsābhayārdita

kṣutpipāsābhayārdita - afflicted by hunger, thirst, and fear

Compound type : dvandva-tatpuruṣa (kṣut+pipāsā+bhaya+ardita)

• kṣut – hunger
  noun (feminine)
  from root kṣudh
  Root: kṣudh
• pipāsā – thirst
  noun (feminine)
  desiderative from root pā (to drink)
  Root: pā (class 1)
• bhaya – fear, terror
  noun (neuter)
  from root bhī
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• ardita – afflicted, tormented, distressed
  participle
  Past Passive Participle
  from root ard (to pain, afflict)
  Root: ard (class 1)