वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-21, verse-19

अमात्यांस्तांस्तु संत्यज्य राक्षसस्य महौजसः ।
तमेव समधावन्त शूलवर्षैर्दशाननम् ॥१९॥

19. amātyāṃstāṃstu saṃtyajya rākṣasasya mahaujasaḥ ,
tameva samadhāvanta śūlavarṣairdaśānanam.

19. amātyān tān tu saṃtyajya rākṣasasya mahaujasaḥ
tam eva samadhāvanta śūlavarṣaiḥ daśānanam

19. But, abandoning those ministers of the immensely powerful rākṣasa (Rāvaṇa), they (the opposing forces) rushed directly towards Daśānana himself, showering him with spears.

Words meanings summery:

• अमात्यान् (amātyān) - those ministers (of Rāvaṇa) (ministers (accusative plural))

• तान् (tān) - those particular (ministers) (those (accusative plural))

• तु (tu) - but, indicating a shift in action (but, on the other hand, indeed)

• संत्यज्य (saṁtyajya) - having ceased to engage with (the ministers) (having abandoned, having given up)

• राक्षसस्य (rākṣasasya) - of the rākṣasa (Rāvaṇa) (of the rākṣasa, demon)

• महौजसः (mahaujasaḥ) - of the immensely powerful (Rāvaṇa) (of great power/energy, very mighty)

• तम् (tam) - him (Rāvaṇa) (him, that)

• एव (eva) - directly, exclusively (only, just, indeed)

• समधावन्त (samadhāvanta) - they collectively charged towards (they rushed towards, they ran together)

• शूलवर्षैः (śūlavarṣaiḥ) - by raining down spears (with showers of spears/pikes)

• दशाननम् (daśānanam) - Daśānana (Rāvaṇa), the target of the attack (Daśānana (Rāvaṇa))

Words meanings and morphology

अमात्यान् (amātyān) - those ministers (of Rāvaṇa) (ministers (accusative plural))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of amātya

amātya - minister, companion

Note: Object of 'saṃtyajya'

तान् (tān) - those particular (ministers) (those (accusative plural))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Agrees with 'amātyān'

तु (tu) - but, indicating a shift in action (but, on the other hand, indeed)

(indeclinable)

संत्यज्य (saṁtyajya) - having ceased to engage with (the ministers) (having abandoned, having given up)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root 'tyaj' with upasarga 'sam'

Prefix: sam

Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: Absolutive, indicates prior action by the main subject.

राक्षसस्य (rākṣasasya) - of the rākṣasa (Rāvaṇa) (of the rākṣasa, demon)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - rākṣasa, demon

Note: Possessive for 'amātyān' and modified by 'mahaujasaḥ'.

महौजसः (mahaujasaḥ) - of the immensely powerful (Rāvaṇa) (of great power/energy, very mighty)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mahaujas

mahaujas - of great energy, powerful, mighty

Compound of mahā (great) and ojas (power, energy)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ojas)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• ojas – power, energy, vigor
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'rākṣasasya'.

तम् (tam) - him (Rāvaṇa) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, him

Note: Refers to Daśānana.

एव (eva) - directly, exclusively (only, just, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'him' (Daśānana).

समधावन्त (samadhāvanta) - they collectively charged towards (they rushed towards, they ran together)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of dhāv

Imperfect active, 3rd plural

From root 'dhāv' with upasargas 'sam-adhi'

Prefixes: sam+adhi

Root: dhāv (class 1)

Note: Subject is implicitly the opposing forces.

शूलवर्षैः (śūlavarṣaiḥ) - by raining down spears (with showers of spears/pikes)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śūlavarṣa

śūlavarṣa - shower of spears/pikes

Compound of śūla (spear) and varṣa (rain, shower)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śūla+varṣa)

• śūla – spear, pike, dart
  noun (masculine)
• varṣa – rain, showering
  noun (neuter)

Note: Means by which they rushed.

दशाननम् (daśānanam) - Daśānana (Rāvaṇa), the target of the attack (Daśānana (Rāvaṇa))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of daśānana

daśānana - ten-faced, having ten heads (epithet of Rāvaṇa)

Compound of daśa and ānana

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (daśa+ānana)

• daśa – ten
  numeral
• ānana – face, mouth
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of 'samadhāvanta'.