वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-21, verse-10

स त्वपश्यन्महाबाहुर्दशग्रीवस्ततस्ततः ।
प्राणिनः सुकृतं कर्म भुञ्जानांश्चैव दुष्कृतम् ॥१०॥

10. sa tvapaśyanmahābāhurdaśagrīvastatastataḥ ,
prāṇinaḥ sukṛtaṃ karma bhuñjānāṃścaiva duṣkṛtam.

10. saḥ tu apaśyat mahābāhuḥ daśagrīvaḥ tatas tataḥ
prāṇinaḥ sukṛtam karma bhuñjānān ca eva duṣkṛtam

10. Indeed, the mighty-armed, Ten-necked Ravana saw living beings everywhere experiencing the fruits of both good (karma) and bad (karma).

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (Ravana) (he, that)

• तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)

• अपश्यत् (apaśyat) - saw (saw, beheld)

• महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - the mighty-armed (Ravana) (mighty-armed)

• दशग्रीवः (daśagrīvaḥ) - the Ten-necked (Ravana) (ten-necked)

• ततस् (tatas) - from there (part of 'here and there') (from there, then, therefore)

• ततः (tataḥ) - here (part of 'here and there') (from there, then, therefore)

• प्राणिनः (prāṇinaḥ) - living beings (living beings, creatures)

• सुकृतम् (sukṛtam) - good (karma) (good deed, virtuous act)

• कर्म (karma) - action (karma) (action, deed, consequence of action (karma))

• भुञ्जानान् (bhuñjānān) - experiencing (enjoying, experiencing, eating)

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just)

• दुष्कृतम् (duṣkṛtam) - bad (karma) (bad deed, evil action)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (Ravana) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Ravana.

तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

अपश्यत् (apaśyat) - saw (saw, beheld)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dṛś

Root 'dṛś' (used as 'paś' in present system) with augment 'a'.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - the mighty-armed (Ravana) (mighty-armed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - great-armed, mighty-armed

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+bāhu)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Ravana.

दशग्रीवः (daśagrīvaḥ) - the Ten-necked (Ravana) (ten-necked)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daśagrīva

daśagrīva - having ten necks

Compound type : bahuvrihi (daśa+grīva)

• daśa – ten
  numeral
• grīva – neck
  noun (feminine)

Note: Refers to Ravana.

ततस् (tatas) - from there (part of 'here and there') (from there, then, therefore)

(indeclinable)

ततः (tataḥ) - here (part of 'here and there') (from there, then, therefore)

(indeclinable)

प्राणिनः (prāṇinaḥ) - living beings (living beings, creatures)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prāṇin

prāṇin - living, endowed with breath, living being, animal

Root: prāṇ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'apaśyat'.

सुकृतम् (sukṛtam) - good (karma) (good deed, virtuous act)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sukṛta

sukṛta - well-done, virtuous, good deed, merit

Past Passive Participle

From 'su' (good) and root 'kṛ' (to do)

Compound type : tatpurusha (su+kṛta)

• su – good, well
  indeclinable
  prefix
• kṛta – done, made, deed
  adjective/noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'kṛ'
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Modifies 'karma'.

कर्म (karma) - action (karma) (action, deed, consequence of action (karma))

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of karma

karma - action, deed, work, ritual, destiny (karma)

From root 'kṛ' (to do)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of 'bhuñjānān'.

भुञ्जानान् (bhuñjānān) - experiencing (enjoying, experiencing, eating)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhuj

bhuj - to enjoy, to eat, to consume

Present Active Participle (ātmanepada)

Root 'bhuj' with śānac suffix.

Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Modifies 'prāṇinaḥ'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

दुष्कृतम् (duṣkṛtam) - bad (karma) (bad deed, evil action)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of duṣkṛta

duṣkṛta - ill-done, evil deed, sin

Past Passive Participle

From 'dus' (bad) and root 'kṛ' (to do)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dus+kṛta)

• dus – bad, difficult
  indeclinable
  prefix
• kṛta – done, made, deed
  adjective/noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'kṛ'
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Modifies 'karma' (implied by context).