वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-16, verse-4

विष्टब्धं पुष्पकं दृष्ट्वा कामगं ह्यगमं कृतम् ।
राक्षसश्चिन्तयामास सचिवैस्तैः समावृतः ॥४॥

4. viṣṭabdhaṃ puṣpakaṃ dṛṣṭvā kāmagaṃ hyagamaṃ kṛtam ,
rākṣasaścintayāmāsa sacivaistaiḥ samāvṛtaḥ.

4. viṣṭabdham puṣpakam dṛṣṭvā kāmagam hi agamam
kṛtam rākṣasaḥ cintayāmāsa sacivaiḥ taiḥ samāvṛtaḥ

4. sacivaiḥ taiḥ samāvṛtaḥ rākṣasaḥ kāmagam puṣpakam
hi viṣṭabdham agamam kṛtam dṛṣṭvā cintayāmāsa

4. Having seen the Puṣpaka, which usually moves at will, rendered motionless and obstructed, the demon (Rāvaṇa), surrounded by his ministers, began to ponder.

Words meanings summery:

• विष्टब्धम् (viṣṭabdham) - stopped, obstructed, held fast

• पुष्पकम् (puṣpakam) - Rāvaṇa's aerial chariot (the Puṣpaka (a celestial aerial chariot))

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having beheld

• कामगम् (kāmagam) - moving at will, going as desired

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because, surely

• अगमम् (agamam) - motionless, not moving, not going

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - made, done, performed, rendered

• राक्षसः (rākṣasaḥ) - the demon Rāvaṇa (demon, Rākṣasa)

• चिन्तयामास (cintayāmāsa) - pondered, thought, considered

• सचिवैः (sacivaiḥ) - by ministers, with companions/advisers

• तैः (taiḥ) - by them, with those

• समावृतः (samāvṛtaḥ) - surrounded, encompassed, accompanied, enveloped

Words meanings and morphology

विष्टब्धम् (viṣṭabdham) - stopped, obstructed, held fast

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of viṣṭabdha

viṣṭabdha - stopped, obstructed, supported, propped up

Past Passive Participle

from verb root vi-√stambh (to stop, to support)

Prefix: vi

Root: stambh (class 1)

पुष्पकम् (puṣpakam) - Rāvaṇa's aerial chariot (the Puṣpaka (a celestial aerial chariot))

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of puṣpaka

puṣpaka - the Puṣpaka chariot (originally belonging to Kubera, later taken by Rāvaṇa); a flower-like ornament or vehicle

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having beheld

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

from verb root dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

कामगम् (kāmagam) - moving at will, going as desired

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kāmaga

kāmaga - moving at will, going as desired, fulfilling desires

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāma+ga)

• kāma – desire, wish, love
  noun (masculine)
• ga – going, moving, mover
  suffix (neuter)
  Agent noun suffix
  from root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because, surely

(indeclinable)

अगमम् (agamam) - motionless, not moving, not going

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of agama

agama - motionless, not moving, not going, inaccessible, not to be approached

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+gama)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• gama – going, mover, path
  noun (masculine)
  from root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

कृतम् (kṛtam) - made, done, performed, rendered

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - made, done, performed, rendered, created

Past Passive Participle

from verb root kṛ (to do, to make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

राक्षसः (rākṣasaḥ) - the demon Rāvaṇa (demon, Rākṣasa)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - a demon, a Rākṣasa (a class of mythological beings, often malevolent)

चिन्तयामास (cintayāmāsa) - pondered, thought, considered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of cint

Periphrastic Perfect Tense

formed with the auxiliary verb ās (from √as) and the stem cintayā

Root: cint (class 10)

सचिवैः (sacivaiḥ) - by ministers, with companions/advisers

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of saciva

saciva - minister, companion, associate, adviser

तैः (taiḥ) - by them, with those

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

समावृतः (samāvṛtaḥ) - surrounded, encompassed, accompanied, enveloped

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samāvṛta

samāvṛta - surrounded, encompassed, accompanied, enveloped, covered

Past Passive Participle

from verb root sam-ā-√vṛ (to cover, surround)

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: vṛ (class 5)