वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-16, verse-16

किं त्विदानीं मया शक्यं कर्तुं यत्त्वां निशाचर ।
न हन्तव्यो हतस्त्वं हि पूर्वमेव स्वकर्मभिः ॥१६॥

16. kiṃ tvidānīṃ mayā śakyaṃ kartuṃ yattvāṃ niśācara ,
na hantavyo hatastvaṃ hi pūrvameva svakarmabhiḥ.

16. kim tu idānīm mayā śakyam kartum yat tvām niśācara
na hantavyaḥ hataḥ tvam hi pūrvam eva svakarmabhiḥ

16. tu idānīm mayā tvām yat kartum kim śakyam niśācara? tvam hi na hantavyaḥ,
pūrvam eva svakarmabhiḥ hataḥ

16. But what can I possibly do to you now, O night-wanderer? You are not to be killed, for you are certainly already slain by your own actions (karma).

Words meanings summery:

• किम् (kim) - what? why?

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• इदानीम् (idānīm) - now, at this time

• मया (mayā) - by me

• शक्यम् (śakyam) - possible, capable (to be done)

• कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do, for doing

• यत् (yat) - that, which (regarding something)

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you

• निशाचर (niśācara) - O Rāvaṇa (as a night-wanderer) (O night-wanderer, O demon)

• न (na) - not

• हन्तव्यः (hantavyaḥ) - to be killed, should be killed

• हतः (hataḥ) - killed, slain, struck, destroyed

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• हि (hi) - indeed, certainly

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - previously, formerly, before

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed

• स्वकर्मभिः (svakarmabhiḥ) - by your own actions (karma) (by your own actions, by your own deeds)

Words meanings and morphology

किम् (kim) - what? why?

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

इदानीम् (idānīm) - now, at this time

(indeclinable)

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I

शक्यम् (śakyam) - possible, capable (to be done)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śakya

śakya - possible, capable, fit to be done

Gerundive (karmaṇi prayoga)

root śak + ya

Root: śak (class 5)

कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do, for doing

(indeclinable)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Infinitive form

यत् (yat) - that, which (regarding something)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

Note: Used as a conjunction 'that' or relative pronoun 'which'

त्वाम् (tvām) - you

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

निशाचर (niśācara) - O Rāvaṇa (as a night-wanderer) (O night-wanderer, O demon)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of niśācara

niśācara - night-wanderer, demon, goblin

compound of niśā (night) and cara (moving, wandering)

Compound type : tatpurusha (niśā+cara)

• niśā – night
  noun (feminine)
• cara – moving, wandering; one who moves
  adjective (masculine)
  root car + a
  Root: car (class 1)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

हन्तव्यः (hantavyaḥ) - to be killed, should be killed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hantavya

hantavya - to be killed, killable, fit to be killed

Gerundive

root han + tavya

Root: han (class 2)

हतः (hataḥ) - killed, slain, struck, destroyed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, slain, struck, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

root han + ta

Root: han (class 2)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

हि (hi) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - previously, formerly, before

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed

(indeclinable)

स्वकर्मभिः (svakarmabhiḥ) - by your own actions (karma) (by your own actions, by your own deeds)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of svakarman

svakarman - one's own action (karma), one's own duty

compound of sva (own) and karman (action)

Compound type : tatpurusha (sva+karman)

• sva – own, one's own
  pronoun/adjective (neuter)
• karman – action (karma), deed, work
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)