वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-16, verse-19

केन प्रभावेन भवस्तत्र क्रीडति राजवत् ।
विज्ञातव्यं न जानीषे भयस्थानमुपस्थितम् ॥१९॥

19. kena prabhāvena bhavastatra krīḍati rājavat ,
vijñātavyaṃ na jānīṣe bhayasthānamupasthitam.

19. kena prabhāveṇa bhavaḥ tatra krīḍati rājavat
vijñātavyam na jānīṣe bhayasthānam upasthitam

19. kena prabhāveṇa bhavaḥ tatra rājavat krīḍati?
bhayasthānam upasthitam vijñātavyam na jānīṣe

19. By what power does Bhava (Śiva) play there like a king? You do not understand the present danger that ought to be known.

Words meanings summery:

• केन (kena) - by what, with what

• प्रभावेण (prabhāveṇa) - by power, by influence, by strength

• भवः (bhavaḥ) - Bhava (an epithet of Śiva) (Bhava, existence)

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• क्रीडति (krīḍati) - he/she/it plays

• राजवत् (rājavat) - like a king, king-like

• विज्ञातव्यम् (vijñātavyam) - that which ought to be known (referring to the danger) (to be known, to be understood, that which ought to be known)

• न (na) - not, no

• जानीषे (jānīṣe) - you understand (middle voice, reflexive implication) (you know, you understand)

• भयस्थानम् (bhayasthānam) - place of fear, dangerous situation, fearsome situation

• उपस्थितम् (upasthitam) - a present (arisen) danger (arisen, present, arrived, imminent)

Words meanings and morphology

केन (kena) - by what, with what

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kim

kim - what, who, which

प्रभावेण (prabhāveṇa) - by power, by influence, by strength

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of prabhāva

prabhāva - power, might, influence, majesty

From root bhū (to be) with pra prefix.

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)

भवः (bhavaḥ) - Bhava (an epithet of Śiva) (Bhava, existence)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhava

bhava - being, existence, birth, Śiva

From root bhū (to be).

Root: bhū (class 1)

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

क्रीडति (krīḍati) - he/she/it plays

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of krīḍ

Root: krīḍ (class 1)

राजवत् (rājavat) - like a king, king-like

(indeclinable)

Suffix -vat (like) appended to rājan.

Compound type : avyayībhāva (rājan+vat)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• vat – like, similar to
  suffix

विज्ञातव्यम् (vijñātavyam) - that which ought to be known (referring to the danger) (to be known, to be understood, that which ought to be known)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vijñātavya

vijñātavya - to be known, comprehensible, intelligible

Gerundive

Root jñā (to know) + tavya suffix + vi prefix.

Prefix: vi

Root: jñā (class 9)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

जानीषे (jānīṣe) - you understand (middle voice, reflexive implication) (you know, you understand)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of jñā

Root: jñā (class 9)

भयस्थानम् (bhayasthānam) - place of fear, dangerous situation, fearsome situation

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhayasthāna

bhayasthāna - place of danger, source of fear

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhaya+sthāna)

• bhaya – fear, terror, danger
  noun (neuter)
• sthāna – place, stand, position, situation
  noun (neuter)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

उपस्थितम् (upasthitam) - a present (arisen) danger (arisen, present, arrived, imminent)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of upasthita

upasthita - present, near, arrived, standing by

Past Passive Participle

Root sthā (to stand) + kta suffix + upa prefix.

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)