वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-97, verse-22

तं दृष्ट्वा पतितं भूमौ हतशेषा निशाचराः ।
हतनाथा भयत्रस्ताः सर्वतः संप्रदुद्रुवुः ॥२२॥

22. taṃ dṛṣṭvā patitaṃ bhūmau hataśeṣā niśācarāḥ ,
hatanāthā bhayatrastāḥ sarvataḥ saṃpradudruvuḥ.

22. tam dṛṣṭvā patitam bhūmau hataśeṣāḥ niśācarāḥ
hatanāthāḥ bhayatrastāḥ sarvataḥ sampradudruvuḥ

22. dṛṣṭvā tam patitam bhūmau hataśeṣāḥ niśācarāḥ
hatanāthāḥ bhayatrastāḥ sampradudruvuḥ sarvataḥ

22. Having seen him fallen on the ground, the surviving night-wanderers (niśācara), whose leader was killed and who were struck by fear, fled in all directions.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - the fallen demon lord (him, that)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, seeing

• पतितम् (patitam) - the demon lord, having fallen (fallen, having fallen)

• भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

• हतशेषाः (hataśeṣāḥ) - the rākṣasas who survived the battle (the remaining ones after the killing, survivors)

• निशाचराः (niśācarāḥ) - the demon soldiers (night-wanderers, rākṣasas (demons))

• हतनाथाः (hatanāthāḥ) - the rākṣasas, whose leader was killed (whose lord is killed, leaderless)

• भयत्रस्ताः (bhayatrastāḥ) - the rākṣasas, terrified by fear (terrified by fear, fear-stricken)

• सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides, everywhere, completely

• सम्प्रदुद्रुवुः (sampradudruvuḥ) - they fled, they ran away in all directions

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - the fallen demon lord (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the demon lord from the previous verse.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root dṛś with suffix -tvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

पतितम् (patitam) - the demon lord, having fallen (fallen, having fallen)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of patita

patita - fallen, descended, alighted

Past Passive Participle

From root pat (to fall) with suffix -ta

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'tam'.

भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - ground, earth, land, soil

हतशेषाः (hataśeṣāḥ) - the rākṣasas who survived the battle (the remaining ones after the killing, survivors)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hataśeṣa

hataśeṣa - remaining after being killed, surviving

From hata (killed) + śeṣa (remaining)

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (hata+śeṣa)

• hata – killed, struck, smitten
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root han (to strike, kill)
  Root: han (class 2)
• śeṣa – remainder, residue, balance
  noun (masculine)
  From root śiṣ (to remain)
  Root: śiṣ (class 7)

Note: Qualifies 'niśācarāḥ'.

निशाचराः (niśācarāḥ) - the demon soldiers (night-wanderers, rākṣasas (demons))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of niśācara

niśācara - night-wanderer, demon, rākṣasa

From niśā (night) + cara (mover, wanderer)

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (niśā+cara)

• niśā – night
  noun (feminine)
• cara – moving, wandering; one who moves
  adjective (masculine)
  From root car (to move, wander)
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'sampradudruvuḥ'.

हतनाथाः (hatanāthāḥ) - the rākṣasas, whose leader was killed (whose lord is killed, leaderless)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hatanātha

hatanātha - whose lord is killed, deprived of a master

From hata (killed) + nātha (lord)

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (hata+nātha)

• hata – killed, struck, smitten
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root han (to strike, kill)
  Root: han (class 2)
• nātha – lord, protector, master
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'niśācarāḥ'.

भयत्रस्ताः (bhayatrastāḥ) - the rākṣasas, terrified by fear (terrified by fear, fear-stricken)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhayatrasta

bhayatrasta - terrified by fear, fear-stricken

From bhaya (fear) + trasta (frightened)

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (bhaya+trasta)

• bhaya – fear, dread, apprehension
  noun (neuter)
  From root bhī (to fear)
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• trasta – frightened, terrified, trembling
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root tras (to tremble, be afraid)
  Root: tras (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'niśācarāḥ'.

सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides, everywhere, completely

(indeclinable)

From sarva (all) with suffix -tas

सम्प्रदुद्रुवुः (sampradudruvuḥ) - they fled, they ran away in all directions

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (Lit) of sampradru

Reduplicated perfect form (Lit) of root dru (to run) with prefixes sam and pra

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: dru (class 1)