वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-97, verse-16

स वज्र इव दुर्धर्षो वज्रबाहुविसर्जितः ।
कृतान्त इव चावार्यो न्यपतद् रावणोरसि ॥१६॥

16. sa vajra iva durdharṣo vajrabāhuvisarjitaḥ ,
kṛtānta iva cāvāryo nyapatad rāvaṇorasi.

16. saḥ vajraḥ iva durdharṣaḥ vajrabāhuvisarjitaḥ
kṛtāntaḥ iva ca avāryaḥ ni-apatat rāvaṇa-urasi

16. saḥ vajrabāhuvisarjitaḥ vajraḥ iva durdharṣaḥ
ca kṛtāntaḥ iva avāryaḥ rāvaṇa-urasi ni-apatat

16. That arrow, released by the mighty-armed [Rāma], was irresistible like a thunderbolt and unavoidable like Death (Kṛtānta); it fell upon Rāvaṇa's chest.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - That arrow (implied) (he, that, it)

• वज्रः (vajraḥ) - A thunderbolt (thunderbolt, diamond)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• दुर्धर्षः (durdharṣaḥ) - irresistible (irresistible, unconquerable, difficult to subdue)

• वज्रबाहुविसर्जितः (vajrabāhuvisarjitaḥ) - released by the mighty-armed (Rāma) (released by one with thunderbolt-like arms, or by Indra)

• कृतान्तः (kṛtāntaḥ) - Death (Kṛtānta) (end of action, fate, death, Yama (god of death))

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अवार्यः (avāryaḥ) - unavoidable (irresistible, unavoidable, not to be warded off)

• नि-अपतत् (ni-apatat) - fell down (fell down, descended)

• रावण-उरसि (rāvaṇa-urasi) - on Rāvaṇa's chest

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - That arrow (implied) (he, that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the arrow which is masculine in Sanskrit (śaraḥ).

वज्रः (vajraḥ) - A thunderbolt (thunderbolt, diamond)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vajra

vajra - thunderbolt, diamond, weapon of Indra

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

दुर्धर्षः (durdharṣaḥ) - irresistible (irresistible, unconquerable, difficult to subdue)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durdharṣa

durdharṣa - irresistible, unconquerable, difficult to subdue

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

Derived from root dhṛṣ with prefix dur- and suffix -a, meaning 'difficult to be assailed'.

Prefix: dur

Root: dhṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies the arrow (śaraḥ).

वज्रबाहुविसर्जितः (vajrabāhuvisarjitaḥ) - released by the mighty-armed (Rāma) (released by one with thunderbolt-like arms, or by Indra)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vajrabāhuvisarjita

vajrabāhuvisarjita - released by one with thunderbolt-like arms; released by Indra

Past Passive Participle

Compound of vajrabāhu and visarjita. visarjita is PPP of visṛj.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vajrabāhu+visarjita)

• vajrabāhu – one whose arms are like a thunderbolt; Indra
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of vajra and bāhu.
• visarjita – released, discharged, sent forth
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root sṛj (to release, create) with prefix vi.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: Qualifies the arrow (śaraḥ).

कृतान्तः (kṛtāntaḥ) - Death (Kṛtānta) (end of action, fate, death, Yama (god of death))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtānta

kṛtānta - end of action; fate; death; Yama

Compound of kṛta (done) and anta (end).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṛta+anta)

• kṛta – done, made
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root kṛ (to do, make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• anta – end, boundary, limit, death
  noun (masculine)

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

अवार्यः (avāryaḥ) - unavoidable (irresistible, unavoidable, not to be warded off)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avārya

avārya - irresistible, unavoidable, not to be warded off

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

Negative particle 'a' + Gerundive of 'vṛ' (to ward off) with prefix 'ā'. 'ā-vārya' means 'to be warded off', so 'a-vārya' means 'not to be warded off'.

Prefix: ā

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Qualifies the arrow (śaraḥ).

नि-अपतत् (ni-apatat) - fell down (fell down, descended)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of ni-pat

Imperfect

Third person singular imperfect active of root pat (to fall) with prefix ni.

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: The verb describes the action of the arrow (implied subject).

रावण-उरसि (rāvaṇa-urasi) - on Rāvaṇa's chest

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of rāvaṇa-uras

rāvaṇa-uras - Rāvaṇa's chest

Compound of Rāvaṇa and uras.

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (rāvaṇa+uras)

• rāvaṇa – Rāvaṇa (a proper name, the demon king)
  proper noun (masculine)
• uras – chest, breast
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to the place where the arrow fell.

Previous Verse Next Verse