वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-97, verse-1

अथ संस्मारयामास राघवं मातलिस्तदा ।
अजानन्निव किं वीर त्वमेनमनुवर्तसे ॥१॥

1. atha saṃsmārayāmāsa rāghavaṃ mātalistadā ,
ajānanniva kiṃ vīra tvamenamanuvartase.

1. atha saṃsmārayāmāsa rāghavam mātaliḥ tadā
ajānan iva kim vīra tvam enam anuvarase

1. atha tadā mātaliḥ rāghavam saṃsmārayāmāsa
vīra tvam kim ajānan iva enam anuvarase

1. Then, Matali reminded Rama, "O hero, why do you prolong this battle with him, as if you do not know (what is to be done)?"

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon, therefore

• संस्मारयामास (saṁsmārayāmāsa) - reminded

• राघवम् (rāghavam) - The specific Rama, son of Dasaratha. (Rama (descendant of Raghu))

• मातलिः (mātaliḥ) - Matali (Indra's charioteer)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• अजानन् (ajānan) - feigning ignorance (not knowing)

• इव (iva) - as if, like, as it were

• किम् (kim) - interrogative particle asking "why?" or "what for?" (what?, why?, whether)

• वीर (vīra) - Addressing Rama (O hero!, O brave one!)

• त्वम् (tvam) - Referring to Rama (you)

• एनम् (enam) - Referring to Ravana (him, this one)

• अनुवरसे (anuvarase) - you continue (to fight him) (you follow, you pursue, you endure)

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon, therefore

(indeclinable)

संस्मारयामास (saṁsmārayāmāsa) - reminded

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of saṃsmāray

Causative perfect

From prefix sam + root smṛ (to remember), causative stem smāray, then perfect āmāsa conjugation.

Prefix: sam

Root: smṛ (class 1)

Note: periphrastic perfect of causative stem

राघवम् (rāghavam) - The specific Rama, son of Dasaratha. (Rama (descendant of Raghu))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, patronymic of Rama

patronymic from Raghu (a king)

मातलिः (mātaliḥ) - Matali (Indra's charioteer)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mātali

mātali - Matali (the charioteer of Indra)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Root: tad

अजानन् (ajānan) - feigning ignorance (not knowing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ajānat

ajānat - not knowing, ignorant

Present active participle

from negation a + root jñā (to know)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jñāt)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• jānat – knowing
  adjective (masculine)
  Present active participle
  from root jñā (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Acts as an adjective qualifying 'tvam'.

इव (iva) - as if, like, as it were

(indeclinable)

किम् (kim) - interrogative particle asking "why?" or "what for?" (what?, why?, whether)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used here as an interrogative particle, rather than a declinable pronoun.

वीर (vīra) - Addressing Rama (O hero!, O brave one!)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man, warrior

Root: vīr (class 10)

त्वम् (tvam) - Referring to Rama (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (2nd person pronoun)

एनम् (enam) - Referring to Ravana (him, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that, him, her, it

अनुवरसे (anuvarase) - you continue (to fight him) (you follow, you pursue, you endure)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of anu vṛt

Present middle indicative

From prefix anu + root vṛt (to turn, to exist, to proceed)

Prefix: anu

Root: vṛt (class 1)

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