वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-34, verse-8

कुञ्जरान् कुञ्जरारोहान्पताकाध्वजिनो रथान् ।
चकर्षुश्च ददंशुश्च दशनैः क्रोधमूर्छिताः ॥८॥

8. kuñjarān kuñjarārohānpatākādhvajino rathān ,
cakarṣuśca dadaṃśuśca daśanaiḥ krodhamūrchitāḥ.

8. kuñjarān kuñjarārohān patākādhvajinaḥ rathān |
cakarṣuḥ ca dadaṃśuḥ ca daśanaiḥ krodhamūrchitāḥ

8. The Rākṣasas, who carried banners and were infuriated, dragged and bit the elephants, the elephant-riders, and the chariots with their teeth.

Words meanings summery:

• कुञ्जरान् (kuñjarān) - elephants

• कुञ्जरारोहान् (kuñjarārohān) - elephant riders

• पताकाध्वजिनः (patākādhvajinaḥ) - having banners, adorned with flags

• रथान् (rathān) - chariots

• चकर्षुः (cakarṣuḥ) - they dragged, pulled

• च (ca) - and

• ददंशुः (dadaṁśuḥ) - they bit

• च (ca) - and

• दशनैः (daśanaiḥ) - with teeth

• क्रोधमूर्छिताः (krodhamūrchitāḥ) - overwhelmed by anger, infuriated

Words meanings and morphology

कुञ्जरान् (kuñjarān) - elephants

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kuñjara

kuñjara - elephant

कुञ्जरारोहान् (kuñjarārohān) - elephant riders

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kuñjarāroha

kuñjarāroha - elephant rider

Compound type : tatpurusha (kuñjara+āroha)

• kuñjara – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• āroha – riding, rider
  noun (masculine)
  derivative from root ruh (to ascend) with prefix ā
  suffix -a
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ruh (class 1)

पताकाध्वजिनः (patākādhvajinaḥ) - having banners, adorned with flags

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of patākādhvajin

patākādhvajin - having banners, adorned with flags

The suffix -in is added to form the adjective meaning 'having'.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (patākā+dhvaja)

• patākā – banner, flag
  noun (feminine)
• dhvaja – banner, flag
  noun (masculine)

Note: This adjective modifies the implied subject (Rākṣasas), agreeing with 'krodhamūrchitāḥ'.

रथान् (rathān) - chariots

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

चकर्षुः (cakarṣuḥ) - they dragged, pulled

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of kṛṣ

Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

ददंशुः (dadaṁśuḥ) - they bit

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of daṃś

Root: daṃś (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

दशनैः (daśanaiḥ) - with teeth

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of daśana

daśana - tooth, tusk

क्रोधमूर्छिताः (krodhamūrchitāḥ) - overwhelmed by anger, infuriated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of krodhamūrchita

krodhamūrchita - fainted from anger, overwhelmed by rage, infuriated

Compound type : tatpurusha (krodha+mūrchita)

• krodha – anger, wrath
  noun (masculine)
• mūrchita – fainted, unconscious, overwhelmed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from root mūrcch (to faint, to be bewildered)
  Root: mūrcch (class 1)