वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-34, verse-10

तुरंगखुरविध्वस्तं रथनेमिसमुद्धतम् ।
रुरोध कर्णनेत्राणिण्युध्यतां धरणीरजः ॥१०॥

10. turaṃgakhuravidhvastaṃ rathanemisamuddhatam ,
rurodha karṇanetrāṇiṇyudhyatāṃ dharaṇīrajaḥ.

10. turaṅga-khura-vidhvastaṃ ratha-nemi-samuddhatam
rurudha karṇa-netrāṇi yudhyatām dharaṇī-rajaḥ

10. dharaṇī-rajaḥ turaṅga-khura-vidhvastaṃ
ratha-nemi-samuddhatam yudhyatām karṇa-netrāṇi rurudha

10. The dust of the earth, churned up by the hooves of horses and raised by the rims of chariot wheels, obstructed the ears and eyes of the warriors engaged in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• तुरङ्ग-खुर-विध्वस्तं (turaṅga-khura-vidhvastaṁ) - scattered by horses' hooves

• रथ-नेमि-समुद्धतम् (ratha-nemi-samuddhatam) - stirred up by chariot wheels

• रुरुध (rurudha) - obstructed, blocked

• कर्ण-नेत्राणि (karṇa-netrāṇi) - ears and eyes

• युध्यताम् (yudhyatām) - of those fighting, of the warriors

• धरणी-रजः (dharaṇī-rajaḥ) - dust of the earth

Words meanings and morphology

तुरङ्ग-खुर-विध्वस्तं (turaṅga-khura-vidhvastaṁ) - scattered by horses' hooves

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of turaṅga-khura-vidhvasta

turaṅga-khura-vidhvasta - scattered by horses' hooves

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (turaṅga+khura+vidhvasta)

• turaṅga – horse
  noun (masculine)
• khura – hoof
  noun (neuter)
• vidhvasta – scattered, destroyed
  participle (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  root dhvaṃs + ta
  Prefix: vi
  Root: dhvaṃs (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'rajaḥ'

रथ-नेमि-समुद्धतम् (ratha-nemi-samuddhatam) - stirred up by chariot wheels

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ratha-nemi-samuddhata

ratha-nemi-samuddhata - stirred up by chariot wheels

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+nemi+samuddhata)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• nemi – wheel rim, felloe
  noun (feminine)
• samuddhata – stirred up, raised, elevated
  participle (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  sam + ud + root han
  Prefixes: sam+ud
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'rajaḥ'

रुरुध (rurudha) - obstructed, blocked

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of rudh

Root: rudh (class 7)

कर्ण-नेत्राणि (karṇa-netrāṇi) - ears and eyes

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of karṇa-netra

karṇa-netra - ears and eyes

Compound type : dvandva (karṇa+netra)

• karṇa – ear
  noun (masculine)
• netra – eye
  noun (neuter)

युध्यताम् (yudhyatām) - of those fighting, of the warriors

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, plural of yudhyat

yudhyat - fighting, warrior

Present Active Participle

root yudh + śatṛ

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Refers to the warriors fighting in the battle.

धरणी-रजः (dharaṇī-rajaḥ) - dust of the earth

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dharaṇī-rajas

dharaṇī-rajas - earth dust

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharaṇī+rajas)

• dharaṇī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• rajas – dust, pollen
  noun (neuter)