वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-34, verse-20

ते तु रामेण बाणौघः सर्वमर्मसु ताडिताः ।
युद्धादपसृतास्तत्र सावशेषायुषो ऽभवन् ॥२०॥

20. te tu rāmeṇa bāṇaughaḥ sarvamarmasu tāḍitāḥ ,
yuddhādapasṛtāstatra sāvaśeṣāyuṣo'bhavan.

20. te tu rāmeṇa bāṇa-oghaiḥ sarva-marmasu tāḍitāḥ
yuddhāt apasṛtāḥ tatra sa-avaśeṣa-āyuṣaḥ abhavan

20. tu te rāmeṇa bāṇaughaiḥ sarvamarmasu tāḍitāḥ
tatra yuddhāt apasṛtāḥ sa-avaśeṣa-āyuṣaḥ abhavan

20. But they, struck by Rāma with volleys of arrows in all their vital spots, then retreated from the battle, as they still had some life remaining.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - those night-wanderers (rākṣasas) (they)

• तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• रामेण (rāmeṇa) - by Prince Rāma (by Rāma)

• बाण-ओघैः (bāṇa-oghaiḥ) - with volleys of arrows (with volleys of arrows, with showers of arrows)

• सर्व-मर्मसु (sarva-marmasu) - in all their vital spots (in all vital spots, in all vulnerable points)

• ताडिताः (tāḍitāḥ) - struck (struck, hit, wounded)

• युद्धात् (yuddhāt) - from the battle (from the battle, from the fight)

• अपसृताः (apasṛtāḥ) - retreated (retreated, fled, moved away)

• तत्र (tatra) - then (there, then, in that place)

• स-अवशेष-आयुषः (sa-avaśeṣa-āyuṣaḥ) - as they still had some life remaining (having remaining life, with life yet left)

• अभवन् (abhavan) - became, were

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - those night-wanderers (rākṣasas) (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of 'abhavan'.

तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction, indicating contrast.

रामेण (rāmeṇa) - by Prince Rāma (by Rāma)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (proper noun); pleasing, charming

Note: Agent of the action 'tāḍitāḥ'.

बाण-ओघैः (bāṇa-oghaiḥ) - with volleys of arrows (with volleys of arrows, with showers of arrows)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bāṇaugha

bāṇaugha - volley of arrows, shower of arrows

Compound: bāṇa (arrow) + ogha (flood, multitude).

Compound type : tatpurusha (bāṇa+ogha)

• bāṇa – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• ogha – flood, torrent, multitude, heap
  noun (masculine)

Note: Instrument of the action 'tāḍitāḥ'.

सर्व-मर्मसु (sarva-marmasu) - in all their vital spots (in all vital spots, in all vulnerable points)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of sarvamarma

sarvamarma - all vital spots, all vulnerable points

Compound: sarva (all) + marma (vital spot).

Compound type : tatpurusha (sarva+marma)

• sarva – all, every, entire
  adjective
• marma – vital spot, vulnerable point (in the body)
  noun (neuter)

Note: Indicates location of impact.

ताडिताः (tāḍitāḥ) - struck (struck, hit, wounded)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tāḍita

tāḍita - struck, hit, beaten, wounded

Past Passive Participle

From root tāḍ (to strike).

Root: tāḍ (class 10)

Note: Predicate adjective or participle describing 'te'.

युद्धात् (yuddhāt) - from the battle (from the battle, from the fight)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

From root yudh (to fight).

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Indicates origin of movement (retreat).

अपसृताः (apasṛtāḥ) - retreated (retreated, fled, moved away)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of apasṛta

apasṛta - retreated, fled, gone away

Past Passive Participle

From root sṛ (to go) with prefix apa (away).

Prefix: apa

Root: sṛ (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective or participle describing 'te'.

तत्र (tatra) - then (there, then, in that place)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time/place.

स-अवशेष-आयुषः (sa-avaśeṣa-āyuṣaḥ) - as they still had some life remaining (having remaining life, with life yet left)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sāvśeṣāyuṣ

sāvśeṣāyuṣ - having residual life, with life left over

Compound: sa (with) + avaśeṣa (remainder) + āyuṣ (life).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+avaśeṣa+āyuṣ)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• avaśeṣa – remainder, residue, balance
  noun (masculine)
• āyuṣ – life, vitality, duration of life
  noun (neuter)

Note: Predicate adjective describing 'te'.

अभवन् (abhavan) - became, were

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Main verb.