वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-15, verse-4

पृथिवी वायुराकाशमापो ज्योतिश्च राघवः ।
स्वभावे सौम्य तिष्ठन्ति शाश्वतं मार्गमाश्रिताः ॥४॥

4. pṛthivī vāyurākāśamāpo jyotiśca rāghavaḥ ,
svabhāve saumya tiṣṭhanti śāśvataṃ mārgamāśritāḥ.

4. pṛthivī vāyuḥ ākāśam āpaḥ jyotiḥ ca rāghava
svabhāve saumya tiṣṭhanti śāśvatam mārgam āśritāḥ

4. saumya rāghava,
pṛthivī vāyuḥ ākāśam āpaḥ ca jyotiḥ svabhāve tiṣṭhanti śāśvatam mārgam āśritāḥ

4. O gentle Rāghava, earth, air, ether, water, and light (jyotiḥ) abide in their intrinsic nature (svabhāva), having resorted to the eternal path.

Words meanings summery:

• पृथिवी (pṛthivī) - the element earth (earth, the Earth goddess)

• वायुः (vāyuḥ) - the element air (wind, air, the god of wind)

• आकाशम् (ākāśam) - the element ether/space (sky, ether, space)

• आपः (āpaḥ) - the element water (waters)

• ज्योतिः (jyotiḥ) - the element light or fire (light, luster, fire, celestial body)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• राघव (rāghava) - O Rāma (O Rāghava (descendant of Raghu))

• स्वभावे (svabhāve) - in their respective intrinsic nature (in its/their own nature, inherent disposition)

• सौम्य (saumya) - O gentle one, addressing Rāma with respect and affection (O gentle one, O tranquil one, O son of Soma (Moon))

• तिष्ठन्ति (tiṣṭhanti) - the elements remain in their inherent state (they stand, they remain, they abide)

• शाश्वतम् (śāśvatam) - the path that is unchanging and everlasting (eternal, perpetual, constant)

• मार्गम् (mārgam) - the natural or designated path/course (path, way, road)

• आश्रिताः (āśritāḥ) - having adopted or followed (the eternal path) (resorting to, following, dependent on, having taken refuge in)

Words meanings and morphology

पृथिवी (pṛthivī) - the element earth (earth, the Earth goddess)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - earth, ground, land, world

वायुः (vāyuḥ) - the element air (wind, air, the god of wind)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāyu

vāyu - wind, air, breath, the god Vāyu

आकाशम् (ākāśam) - the element ether/space (sky, ether, space)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ākāśa

ākāśa - sky, ether, space, atmosphere

Prefix: ā

Root: kāś (class 1)

आपः (āpaḥ) - the element water (waters)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of ap

ap - water

Always used in the plural in Sanskrit.

ज्योतिः (jyotiḥ) - the element light or fire (light, luster, fire, celestial body)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jyotis

jyotis - light, radiance, fire, star

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

राघव (rāghava) - O Rāma (O Rāghava (descendant of Raghu))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu; an epithet for Rāma

Derived from 'raghu' (name of an ancient king) with the patronymic suffix '-a'.

स्वभावे (svabhāve) - in their respective intrinsic nature (in its/their own nature, inherent disposition)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of svabhāva

svabhāva - one's own state of being, intrinsic nature, inherent disposition

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+bhāva)

• sva – one's own, self
  pronoun (masculine)
• bhāva – state of being, nature, existence, disposition, feeling
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from the root √bhū (to be, become).
  Root: bhū (class 1)

सौम्य (saumya) - O gentle one, addressing Rāma with respect and affection (O gentle one, O tranquil one, O son of Soma (Moon))

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saumya

saumya - gentle, mild, tranquil, auspicious, relating to the moon

Derived from 'soma' (moon) with the suffix '-ya'.

तिष्ठन्ति (tiṣṭhanti) - the elements remain in their inherent state (they stand, they remain, they abide)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of √sthā

Present Active

Third person plural of the present (lat) tense, active voice.

Root: sthā (class 1)

शाश्वतम् (śāśvatam) - the path that is unchanging and everlasting (eternal, perpetual, constant)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śāśvata

śāśvata - eternal, perpetual, everlasting, constant

मार्गम् (mārgam) - the natural or designated path/course (path, way, road)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mārga

mārga - path, road, way, course, track

Derived from the root √mṛg (to seek, hunt).

Root: mṛg (class 2)

आश्रिताः (āśritāḥ) - having adopted or followed (the eternal path) (resorting to, following, dependent on, having taken refuge in)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of āśrita

āśrita - resorted to, taken refuge in, dependent on, connected with

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √śri (to resort to, lean on) with the prefix 'ā' and the suffix -kta.

Prefix: ā

Root: śri (class 1)