वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-15, verse-15

ते नगान्नगसंकाशाः शाखामृगगणर्षभाः ।
बभञ्जुर्वानरास्तत्र प्रचकर्षुश्च सागरम् ॥१५॥

15. te nagānnagasaṃkāśāḥ śākhāmṛgagaṇarṣabhāḥ ,
babhañjurvānarāstatra pracakarṣuśca sāgaram.

15. te nagān nagasaṃkāśāḥ śākhāmṛgagaṇarṣabhāḥ
babhañjuḥ vānarāḥ tatra pracakarṣuḥ ca sāgaram

15. te nagasaṃkāśāḥ śākhāmṛgagaṇarṣabhāḥ vānarāḥ
tatra nagān babhañjuḥ ca sāgaram pracakarṣuḥ

15. Those monkeys, resembling mountains and being the foremost among the monkey hosts, broke down trees there and dragged them towards the ocean.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - those (monkeys) (they, those)

• नगान् (nagān) - trees (for building) (mountains, trees)

• नगसंकाशाः (nagasaṁkāśāḥ) - resembling mountains (due to their large size) (mountain-like, resembling mountains)

• शाखामृगगणर्षभाः (śākhāmṛgagaṇarṣabhāḥ) - foremost among the monkey hosts (chiefs among the hosts of monkeys, foremost monkey troops)

• बभञ्जुः (babhañjuḥ) - they broke down (they broke, they shattered, they tore down)

• वानराः (vānarāḥ) - monkeys

• तत्र (tatra) - there (at the site of action) (there, then, in that place)

• प्रचकर्षुः (pracakarṣuḥ) - they dragged (they dragged, they pulled, they drew)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• सागरम् (sāgaram) - the ocean (ocean, sea)

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - those (monkeys) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, this

Note: Refers to the monkey chiefs from the previous verse.

नगान् (nagān) - trees (for building) (mountains, trees)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of naga

naga - mountain, tree, serpent (literally 'that which does not move')

From 'na' (not) + 'ga' (going).

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: The objects being broken and dragged.

नगसंकाशाः (nagasaṁkāśāḥ) - resembling mountains (due to their large size) (mountain-like, resembling mountains)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nagasaṃkāśa

nagasaṁkāśa - mountain-like, resembling mountains, huge like a mountain

Compound of 'naga' (mountain) and 'saṃkāśa' (resembling, like).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (naga+saṃkāśa)

• naga – mountain, tree
  noun (masculine)
• saṃkāśa – resembling, similar, like, appearance
  adjective (masculine)
  From root 'kaś' (to appear) with prefix 'sam'.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: kaś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'te' and 'śākhāmṛgagaṇarṣabhāḥ'.

शाखामृगगणर्षभाः (śākhāmṛgagaṇarṣabhāḥ) - foremost among the monkey hosts (chiefs among the hosts of monkeys, foremost monkey troops)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śākhāmṛgagaṇarṣabha

śākhāmṛgagaṇarṣabha - chief of a troop of monkeys, excellent among monkey hosts

Compound of 'śākhāmṛga' (monkey), 'gaṇa' (troop), and 'ṛṣabha' (chief, bull).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śākhāmṛga+gaṇa+ṛṣabha)

• śākhāmṛga – monkey (literally 'branch-animal')
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of 'śākhā' (branch) and 'mṛga' (animal).
• gaṇa – troop, host, multitude, collection
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, excellent one, pre-eminent
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'te' and 'nagasaṃkāśāḥ'.

बभञ्जुः (babhañjuḥ) - they broke down (they broke, they shattered, they tore down)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of bhañj

Root: bhañj (class 7)

वानराः (vānarāḥ) - monkeys

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vānara

vānara - monkey, ape

Note: Redundant subject, emphasizes 'monkeys'.

तत्र (tatra) - there (at the site of action) (there, then, in that place)

(indeclinable)

From 'tad' with suffix '-tra'.

प्रचकर्षुः (pracakarṣuḥ) - they dragged (they dragged, they pulled, they drew)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of pra-kṛṣ

Prefix: pra

Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two actions: breaking and dragging.

सागरम् (sāgaram) - the ocean (ocean, sea)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sāgara

sāgara - ocean, sea

Note: The object to which the trees were dragged.