वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-60, verse-37

स दीनवदनो भूत्वा कृत्वा शिरसि चाञ्जलिम् ।
सुग्रीवस्य शुभौ मूर्ध्ना चरणौ प्रत्यपीडयत् ॥३७॥

37. sa dīnavadano bhūtvā kṛtvā śirasi cāñjalim ,
sugrīvasya śubhau mūrdhnā caraṇau pratyapīḍayat.

37. saḥ dīnavadanaḥ bhūtvā kṛtvā śirasi ca añjalim
sugrīvasya śubhāu mūrdhnā caraṇāu pratyapīḍayat

37. saḥ dīnavadanaḥ bhūtvā śirasi ca añjalim kṛtvā
mūrdhnā sugrīvasya śubhāu caraṇāu pratyapīḍayat

37. He, assuming a humble expression, having placed a reverential gesture (añjali) on his head, bowed down and touched Sugrīva's auspicious feet with his own head.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - Referring to Dadhimukha. (he)

• दीनवदनः (dīnavadanaḥ) - of humble/sad face

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having been, having become

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made

• शिरसि (śirasi) - on the head

• च (ca) - and

• अञ्जलिम् (añjalim) - reverential gesture of folded hands

• सुग्रीवस्य (sugrīvasya) - of Sugrīva

• शुभाउ (śubhāu) - Auspicious feet. (auspicious, beautiful (dual))

• मूर्ध्ना (mūrdhnā) - with the head

• चरणाउ (caraṇāu) - the two feet

• प्रत्यपीडयत् (pratyapīḍayat) - He pressed his head against Sugrīva's feet in a gesture of profound respect or submission. (he pressed against/saluted)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - Referring to Dadhimukha. (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

दीनवदनः (dīnavadanaḥ) - of humble/sad face

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dīnavadana

dīnavadana - having a humble, pitiful, or sad face

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dīna+vadana)

• dīna – poor, distressed, humble, sad
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle of root 'dī' (to pine, decay).
  Root: dī (class 4)
• vadana – face, mouth, countenance
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root 'vad' (to speak).
  Root: vad (class 1)

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having been, having become

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from the root 'bhū' (to be, become) with the suffix '-tvā'.

Root: bhū (class 1)

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from the root 'kṛ' (to do, make) with the suffix '-tvā'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

शिरसि (śirasi) - on the head

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head, top, summit, chief

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अञ्जलिम् (añjalim) - reverential gesture of folded hands

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of añjali

añjali - the open hands placed side by side and slightly hollowed (as if to hold water), a reverential gesture, salutation

Root: añj (class 7)

सुग्रीवस्य (sugrīvasya) - of Sugrīva

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugrīva (proper name, literally 'beautiful-necked')

शुभाउ (śubhāu) - Auspicious feet. (auspicious, beautiful (dual))

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, dual of śubha

śubha - auspicious, beautiful, splendid, bright, good

Root: śubh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'caraṇāu'.

मूर्ध्ना (mūrdhnā) - with the head

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mūrdhan

mūrdhan - head, top, summit, chief

चरणाउ (caraṇāu) - the two feet

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of caraṇa

caraṇa - foot, leg, root, movement

Derived from root 'car' (to move).

Root: car (class 1)

प्रत्यपीडयत् (pratyapīḍayat) - He pressed his head against Sugrīva's feet in a gesture of profound respect or submission. (he pressed against/saluted)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of pīḍ

Imperfect Tense (Laṅ Lakāra)

Derived from the root 'pīḍ' (to press) with prefix 'prati'.

Prefix: prati

Root: pīḍ (class 10)

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