वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-60, verse-7

उत्पत्य च ततः सर्वे वनपालान् समागताः ।
ताडयन्ति स्म शतशः सक्तान्मधुवने तदा ॥७॥

7. utpatya ca tataḥ sarve vanapālān samāgatāḥ ,
tāḍayanti sma śataśaḥ saktānmadhuvane tadā.

7. utpatya ca tataḥ sarve vanapālān samāgatāḥ |
tāḍayanti sma śataśaḥ saktān madhuvane tadā

7. Then, all of them (the monkeys), leaping up, confronted the forest-guards. They beat those guards, who were stationed in the honey-forest at that time, by the hundreds.

Words meanings summery:

• उत्पत्य (utpatya) - having leaped up, having sprung up

• च (ca) - And then... (and, also)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, from that

• सर्वे (sarve) - all of them (the monkeys) (all, every)

• वनपालान् (vanapālān) - forest-guards, protectors of the forest

• समागताः (samāgatāḥ) - approached or confronted (the guards) (assembled, met, approached)

• ताडयन्ति (tāḍayanti) - they strike, they beat

• स्म (sma) - an indeclinable particle used to denote past action when combined with a present tense verb

• शतशः (śataśaḥ) - by hundreds, in hundreds

• सक्तान् (saktān) - those (guards) who were stationed or present (attached, engaged, stationed)

• मधुवने (madhuvane) - in the honey-forest

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

Words meanings and morphology

उत्पत्य (utpatya) - having leaped up, having sprung up

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root √pat (to fall, fly) with prefix ut-.

Prefix: ut

Root: pat (class 1)

च (ca) - And then... (and, also)

(indeclinable)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, from that

(indeclinable)

Suffix -tas added to pronoun base ta-.

सर्वे (sarve) - all of them (the monkeys) (all, every)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

वनपालान् (vanapālān) - forest-guards, protectors of the forest

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vanapāla

vanapāla - forest-guard, protector of the forest

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vana+pāla)

• vana – forest, wood, grove
  noun (neuter)
• pāla – guard, protector
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pā (class 2)

समागताः (samāgatāḥ) - approached or confronted (the guards) (assembled, met, approached)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samāgata

samāgata - assembled, come together, approached

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √gam (to go) with prefixes sam- and ā-.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

ताडयन्ति (tāḍayanti) - they strike, they beat

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of tāḍay

Causative verb form of √taḍ.

Derived from root √taḍ (to strike) in causative form.

Root: taḍ (class 1)

स्म (sma) - an indeclinable particle used to denote past action when combined with a present tense verb

(indeclinable)

Note: Turns 'tāḍayanti' (they beat) into 'they used to beat' or 'they beat' in the past.

शतशः (śataśaḥ) - by hundreds, in hundreds

(indeclinable)

Derived from śata (hundred) with suffix -śas.

सक्तान् (saktān) - those (guards) who were stationed or present (attached, engaged, stationed)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sakta

sakta - attached, engaged, devoted, clinging, fixed on

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √sañj (to cling, attach).

Root: sañj (class 1)

Note: Qualifies the 'vanapālān'.

मधुवने (madhuvane) - in the honey-forest

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of madhuvana

madhuvana - honey-forest

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madhu+vana)

• madhu – honey, sweet
  noun (neuter)
• vana – forest, wood, grove
  noun (neuter)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

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