वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-60, verse-36

स निपत्य महावीर्यः सर्वैस्तैः परिवारितः ।
हरिर्दधिमुखः पालैः पालानां परमेश्वरः ॥३६॥

36. sa nipatya mahāvīryaḥ sarvaistaiḥ parivāritaḥ ,
harirdadhimukhaḥ pālaiḥ pālānāṃ parameśvaraḥ.

36. saḥ nipatya mahāvīryaḥ sarvaiḥ taiḥ parivāritaḥ
hariḥ dadhimukhaḥ pālaiḥ pālānām parameśvaraḥ

36. saḥ mahāvīryaḥ hariḥ pālānām parameśvaraḥ
dadhimukhaḥ nipatya sarvaiḥ taiḥ pālaiḥ parivāritaḥ

36. That exceedingly mighty (mahāvīrya) Dadhimukha, a monkey (hari) and the supreme lord of the guardians, having fallen, was surrounded by all those protectors (pāla).

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - Referring to Dadhimukha. (he)

• निपत्य (nipatya) - having fallen down

• महावीर्यः (mahāvīryaḥ) - of great valor, exceedingly mighty

• सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all

• तैः (taiḥ) - by them

• परिवारितः (parivāritaḥ) - surrounded, encompassed

• हरिः (hariḥ) - Here meaning 'monkey'. (monkey, lion)

• दधिमुखः (dadhimukhaḥ) - Dadhimukha (proper name)

• पालैः (pālaiḥ) - by the protectors/guards

• पालानाम् (pālānām) - of the protectors/guards

• परमेश्वरः (parameśvaraḥ) - supreme lord

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - Referring to Dadhimukha. (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

निपत्य (nipatya) - having fallen down

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from the root 'pat' (to fall) with prefix 'ni' and suffix '-ya'.

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

महावीर्यः (mahāvīryaḥ) - of great valor, exceedingly mighty

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāvīrya

mahāvīrya - of great power, mighty, valorous, heroic

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+vīrya)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective (masculine)
  Stem form of 'mahat'.
• vīrya – valor, strength, heroism, power
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root 'vīr' (to be mighty).
  Root: vīr (class 10)

सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Used adjectivally with 'taiḥ' and 'pālaiḥ'.

तैः (taiḥ) - by them

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the protectors (pālaiḥ).

परिवारितः (parivāritaḥ) - surrounded, encompassed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parivārita

parivārita - surrounded, encompassed, guarded, attended

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'vṛ' (to cover, surround) with the prefix 'pari'.

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Functions as predicate adjective.

हरिः (hariḥ) - Here meaning 'monkey'. (monkey, lion)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hari

hari - lion, monkey, horse, Visnu, brown-yellowish color

Root: hṛ (class 1)

दधिमुखः (dadhimukhaḥ) - Dadhimukha (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dadhimukha

dadhimukha - Dadhimukha (proper name, literally 'curd-faced' or 'milk-faced')

पालैः (pālaiḥ) - by the protectors/guards

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pāla

pāla - protector, guardian, keeper, herdsman

Derived from root 'pā' (to protect).

Root: pā (class 2)

पालानाम् (pālānām) - of the protectors/guards

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāla

pāla - protector, guardian, keeper, herdsman

Derived from root 'pā' (to protect).

Root: pā (class 2)

परमेश्वरः (parameśvaraḥ) - supreme lord

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parameśvara

parameśvara - supreme lord, supreme ruler, highest master

Compound type : karmadhāraya (parama+īśvara)

• parama – supreme, highest, ultimate, excellent
  adjective (masculine)
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler, controller
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'īś' (to rule).
  Root: īś (class 2)