वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-60, verse-30

इष्टं मधुवनं ह्येतत् सुग्रीवस्य महात्मनः ।
पितृपैतामहं दिव्यं देवैरपि दुरासदम् ॥३०॥

30. iṣṭaṃ madhuvanaṃ hyetat sugrīvasya mahātmanaḥ ,
pitṛpaitāmahaṃ divyaṃ devairapi durāsadam.

30. iṣṭam madhuvanaṃ hi etat sugrīvasya mahātmanaḥ
pitṛpaitāmahaṃ divyaṃ devaiḥ api durāsadam

30. sugrīvasya mahātmanaḥ etat iṣṭam pitṛpaitāmahaṃ
divyaṃ madhuvanaṃ hi devaiḥ api durāsadam

30. This Madhuvana is indeed a cherished and ancestral divine grove belonging to the great-souled Sugrīva, a place difficult for even the gods to approach.

Words meanings summery:

• इष्टम् (iṣṭam) - cherished (grove) (desired, cherished, liked, worshipped)

• मधुवनं (madhuvanaṁ) - The grove named Madhuvana (honey forest, Madhuvana (name of a specific grove))

• हि (hi) - indeed, certainly (indeed, surely, because)

• एतत् (etat) - this (Madhuvana) (this, this one)

• सुग्रीवस्य (sugrīvasya) - of Sugrīva, the monkey king (of Sugrīva)

• महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the great-souled (Sugrīva) (of the great-souled, of the noble, of the magnanimous)

• पितृपैतामहं (pitṛpaitāmahaṁ) - ancestral (grove) (ancestral, inherited from fathers and grandfathers)

• दिव्यं (divyaṁ) - divine, heavenly (divine, celestial, splendid, heavenly)

• देवैः (devaiḥ) - by the celestial beings (by gods)

• अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

• दुरासदम् (durāsadam) - difficult to approach (by anyone, even gods) (difficult to approach, inaccessible, impregnable)

Words meanings and morphology

इष्टम् (iṣṭam) - cherished (grove) (desired, cherished, liked, worshipped)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of iṣṭa

iṣṭa - desired, cherished, liked, worshipped, offered (in a Vedic ritual)

Past Passive Participle

From root `yaj` (to worship, offer) + `kta` suffix

Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `madhuvanaṃ`.

मधुवनं (madhuvanaṁ) - The grove named Madhuvana (honey forest, Madhuvana (name of a specific grove))

(noun)

neuter, singular of madhuvana

madhuvana - honey forest, grove of honey

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madhu+vana)

• madhu – honey, sweet, delightful, spring season
  noun (neuter)
• vana – forest, grove, wood, water
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

हि (hi) - indeed, certainly (indeed, surely, because)

(indeclinable)

Particle

एतत् (etat) - this (Madhuvana) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'is'.

सुग्रीवस्य (sugrīvasya) - of Sugrīva, the monkey king (of Sugrīva)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugrīva (name of the monkey king, literally 'beautiful neck')

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+grīvā)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
  Prefix
• grīvā – neck
  noun (feminine)

Note: Possessive, 'of Sugrīva'.

महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the great-souled (Sugrīva) (of the great-souled, of the noble, of the magnanimous)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, magnanimous, (referring to the supreme spirit (ātman))

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature, mind, body
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies `sugrīvasya`.

पितृपैतामहं (pitṛpaitāmahaṁ) - ancestral (grove) (ancestral, inherited from fathers and grandfathers)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of pitṛpaitāmaha

pitṛpaitāmaha - ancestral, inherited from forefathers, belonging to fathers and grandfathers

Derived from `pitṛ` (father) and `pitāmaha` (grandfather).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pitṛ+pitāmaha)

• pitṛ – father, ancestor
  noun (masculine)
• pitāmaha – grandfather (father's father)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies `madhuvanaṃ`.

दिव्यं (divyaṁ) - divine, heavenly (divine, celestial, splendid, heavenly)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of divya

divya - divine, celestial, splendid, heavenly, supernatural

From `div` (sky, heaven).

Note: Qualifies `madhuvanaṃ`.

देवैः (devaiḥ) - by the celestial beings (by gods)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

Root: div (class 4)

Note: Agent of `durāsadam`.

अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

Particle

Note: Emphasizes `devaiḥ`.

दुरासदम् (durāsadam) - difficult to approach (by anyone, even gods) (difficult to approach, inaccessible, impregnable)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of durāsada

durāsada - difficult to approach, inaccessible, formidable, hard to obtain

Gerundive / kṛt suffix

`dur` (difficult) + `ā` (towards) + `sad` (to sit, approach) + `khaḷ` (suffix for 'difficult to' construction)

Compound type : pravṛddhādisamāsa (dus+ā+sad)

• dus – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
  Prefix
• ā – towards, near, until
  indeclinable
  Preverb/prefix
• sad – to sit, to settle, to approach, to decay
  root
  Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `madhuvanaṃ`.

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