वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-40, verse-23

आत्मनः सदृशाञ् शूरान् किंकरान्नाम राक्षसान् ।
व्यादिदेश महातेजा निग्रहार्थं हनूमतः ॥२३॥

23. ātmanaḥ sadṛśāñ śūrān kiṃkarānnāma rākṣasān ,
vyādideśa mahātejā nigrahārthaṃ hanūmataḥ.

23. ātmanaḥ sadṛśān śūrān kiṅkarān nāma rākṣasān
vyādideśa mahātejāḥ nigrahārtham hanūmataḥ

23. mahātejāḥ ātmanaḥ sadṛśān nāma kiṅkarān śūrān
rākṣasān hanūmataḥ nigrahārtham vyādideśa

23. The greatly powerful (Rāvaṇa) commanded brave Rākṣasas named Kiṅkaras, who were similar to his own self (ātman), for the capture of Hanūmān.

Words meanings summery:

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of his own self (ātman) (of oneself, of the self (ātman), his own)

• सदृशान् (sadṛśān) - similar to his own self (ātman) (similar, like, suitable, equal)

• शूरान् (śūrān) - brave ones, heroes, mighty

• किङ्करान् (kiṅkarān) - the demons named Kiṅkaras (servants, attendants; (proper name) Kiṅkaras)

• नाम (nāma) - named (Kiṅkaras) (by name, indeed, namely)

• राक्षसान् (rākṣasān) - Rākṣasas, demons

• व्यादिदेश (vyādideśa) - commanded, ordered, appointed

• महातेजाः (mahātejāḥ) - Rāvaṇa (greatly powerful, greatly glorious, greatly radiant)

• निग्रहार्थम् (nigrahārtham) - for the purpose of subduing/seizing

• हनूमतः (hanūmataḥ) - of Hanūmān

Words meanings and morphology

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of his own self (ātman) (of oneself, of the self (ātman), his own)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul (ātman), essence, oneself

Root: an (class 2)

Note: Used reflexively.

सदृशान् (sadṛśān) - similar to his own self (ātman) (similar, like, suitable, equal)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sadṛśa

sadṛśa - similar, like, resembling

From `sa` (with) + `dṛś` (seeing/appearance).

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `śūrān` and `rākṣasān`.

शूरान् (śūrān) - brave ones, heroes, mighty

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - brave, heroic, valiant; a hero

Root: śū

Note: Refers to the Kiṅkara Rākṣasas.

किङ्करान् (kiṅkarān) - the demons named Kiṅkaras (servants, attendants; (proper name) Kiṅkaras)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kiṅkara

kiṅkara - servant, attendant; name of a class of Rākṣasas

Compound `kim` (what) + `kara` (doer) - one who asks 'what (can I) do?'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

नाम (nāma) - named (Kiṅkaras) (by name, indeed, namely)

(indeclinable)

From `nāman` (name).

Note: Used to specify the name `kiṅkarān`.

राक्षसान् (rākṣasān) - Rākṣasas, demons

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - a Rākṣasa, demon

Derived from `rakṣas`.

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Direct object of `vyādideśa`.

व्यादिदेश (vyādideśa) - commanded, ordered, appointed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of √diś

Perfect active indicative

From root `diś` (to show) with prefixes `vi-ā-`.

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Subject is `mahātejāḥ`.

महातेजाः (mahātejāḥ) - Rāvaṇa (greatly powerful, greatly glorious, greatly radiant)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātejas

mahātejas - possessing great brilliance, power, or energy

Bahuvrīhi compound, 'one whose `tejas` (splendor/power) is `mahā` (great)'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+tejas)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• tejas – splendor, power, energy, radiance
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tij (class 6)

Note: Refers to Rāvaṇa.

निग्रहार्थम् (nigrahārtham) - for the purpose of subduing/seizing

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nigrahārtha

nigrahārtha - for the sake of restraint, for capture

Compound. `nigraha` (seizing, subduing) + `artha` (purpose).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nigraha+artha)

• nigraha – restraint, subduing, seizing, capture
  noun (masculine)
  From root `grah` with prefix `ni-`.
  Prefix: ni
  Root: grah (class 9)
• artha – purpose, aim, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Functions adverbially.

हनूमतः (hanūmataḥ) - of Hanūmān

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of hanūmat

hanūmat - Hanūmān (name of a prominent Vanara)

Literally 'one with a prominent jaw'.

Note: Object of `nigrahārtham`.

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