वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-10, verse-24

एतत्ते सर्वमाख्यातं वैरानुकथनं महत् ।
अनागसा मया प्राप्तं व्यसनं पश्य राघव ॥२४॥

24. etatte sarvamākhyātaṃ vairānukathanaṃ mahat ,
anāgasā mayā prāptaṃ vyasanaṃ paśya rāghava.

24. etat te sarvam ākhyātam vaira anukathanam mahat
anāgasā mayā prāptam vyasanam paśya rāghava

24. rāghava te etat sarvam mahat vaira anukathanam mayā ākhyātam.
anāgasā mayā prāptam vyasanam paśya.

24. O Raghava, all this great tale of animosity has been recounted to you. See the misfortune that has befallen me, despite my innocence.

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this, this one

• ते (te) - to you

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, entire

• आख्यातम् (ākhyātam) - narrated, recounted, told

• वैर (vaira) - enmity, hostility

• अनुकथनम् (anukathanam) - narration, recounting

• महत् (mahat) - great, extensive, important

• अनागसा (anāgasā) - by me, Sugriva, who is innocent (by the innocent one, by one who is faultless)

• मया (mayā) - by me

• प्राप्तम् (prāptam) - befallen (me) (obtained, reached, fallen upon)

• व्यसनम् (vyasanam) - misfortune, calamity, distress

• पश्य (paśya) - see! behold!

• राघव (rāghava) - O Rama (O Raghava (descendant of Raghu))

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Refers to the preceding narrative.

ते (te) - to you

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of tvad

tvad - you

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, entire

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, entire, complete

आख्यातम् (ākhyātam) - narrated, recounted, told

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ākhyāta

ākhyāta - narrated, recounted, told

Past Passive Participle

Derived from ā-√khyā (to tell, narrate)

Prefix: ā

Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Serves as the main verb of the first half of the verse.

वैर (vaira) - enmity, hostility

(noun)

neuter, singular of vaira

vaira - enmity, hostility, hatred

Derived from vīra (hero) + aṇ. (Or perhaps from vira 'hostile person'.)

अनुकथनम् (anukathanam) - narration, recounting

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anukathana

anukathana - narration, recounting, recital

Derived from anu-√kath (to relate, narrate)

Prefix: anu

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: The compound 'vaira-anukathanam' (narration of enmity) is the subject of ākhyātam.

महत् (mahat) - great, extensive, important

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, extensive, important

Derived from root mah (to be great)

Root: mah (class 1)

अनागसा (anāgasā) - by me, Sugriva, who is innocent (by the innocent one, by one who is faultless)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of anāgas

anāgas - innocent, faultless, blameless

Negative compound 'a-nāgas' (without guilt/sin).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+nāgas)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• nāgas – sin, guilt, fault
  noun (neuter)
  Not to be confused with Nāga (serpent deity). This is 'āgas' (sin) preceded by 'n' for euphony/negation.

Note: Describes the speaker, Sugriva.

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Agent of prāptam.

प्राप्तम् (prāptam) - befallen (me) (obtained, reached, fallen upon)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, reached, gained, attained

Past Passive Participle

Derived from pra-√āp (to obtain, reach)

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

व्यसनम् (vyasanam) - misfortune, calamity, distress

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vyasana

vyasana - misfortune, calamity, distress, vice

Derived from vi-√as (to throw, cast), implying 'falling apart, disaster'.

Prefix: vi

Root: as (class 4)

Note: Object of 'pashya' if interpreted as 'see the misfortune that has befallen'.

पश्य (paśya) - see! behold!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present imperative (Lot) of paś

Present Imperative, 2nd person singular

Derived from root dṛś (to see), but the present stem is paśya.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

राघव (rāghava) - O Rama (O Raghava (descendant of Raghu))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu

Patronymic derived from Raghu