वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-10, verse-18

विक्रोशमानस्य तु मे सुग्रीवेति पुनः पुनः ।
यदा प्रतिवचो नास्ति ततो ऽहं भृशदुःखितः ॥१८॥

18. vikrośamānasya tu me sugrīveti punaḥ punaḥ ,
yadā prativaco nāsti tato'haṃ bhṛśaduḥkhitaḥ.

18. vikrośamānasya tu me sugrīva iti punaḥ punaḥ yadā
prativacaḥ na asti tataḥ aham bhṛśaduḥkhitaḥ

18. yadā tu me vikrośamānasya sugrīva iti punaḥ punaḥ prativacaḥ na asti,
tataḥ aham bhṛśaduḥkhitaḥ

18. But when there was no reply to me, even as I was shouting 'Sugrīva!' repeatedly, then I became exceedingly distressed.

Words meanings summery:

• विक्रोशमानस्य (vikrośamānasya) - of (me) shouting (of (one who is) shouting loudly, wailing)

• तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• मे (me) - to me (genitive, "of me") (to me, my, for me)

• सुग्रीव (sugrīva) - Sugrīva (vocative) (Sugrīva (name of the monkey king))

• इति (iti) - thus (indicating quotation) (thus, so, saying)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, repeatedly)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, repeatedly)

• यदा (yadā) - when (when, at what time)

• प्रतिवचः (prativacaḥ) - a reply (a reply, an answer, a response)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अस्ति (asti) - is (is, exists)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, therefore, from that)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• भृशदुःखितः (bhṛśaduḥkhitaḥ) - exceedingly distressed (greatly distressed, very sorrowful)

Words meanings and morphology

विक्रोशमानस्य (vikrośamānasya) - of (me) shouting (of (one who is) shouting loudly, wailing)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vikrośamāna

vikrośamāna - shouting loudly, wailing, lamenting

Present Middle Participle

From vi- + √kruś (to cry out) + -śānac suffix (middle voice).

Prefix: vi

Root: √kruś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with me (which is dative/genitive singular).

तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - to me (genitive, "of me") (to me, my, for me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Enclitic form of asmad.

Note: Refers to the speaker (Lakshmana in this context).

सुग्रीव (sugrīva) - Sugrīva (vocative) (Sugrīva (name of the monkey king))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugrīva (name of the monkey king, literally "good neck")

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+grīvā)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• grīvā – neck
  noun (feminine)

Note: Used in direct address.

इति (iti) - thus (indicating quotation) (thus, so, saying)

(indeclinable)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, repeatedly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with second punaḥ to mean "again and again".

पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, repeatedly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with first punaḥ to mean "again and again".

यदा (yadā) - when (when, at what time)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial derivative from yad (relative pronoun).

Note: Introduces a temporal clause.

प्रतिवचः (prativacaḥ) - a reply (a reply, an answer, a response)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prativacas

prativacas - a reply, an answer, a response

From prati- + vacas (speech).

Prefix: prati

Root: √vac (class 2)

Note: Subject of asti.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb asti.

अस्ति (asti) - is (is, exists)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Tense, Parasmaipada

Root verb.

Root: √as (class 2)

Note: Verb for the yadā clause.

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, therefore, from that)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial derivative from tad.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'became'.

भृशदुःखितः (bhṛśaduḥkhitaḥ) - exceedingly distressed (greatly distressed, very sorrowful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhṛśaduḥkhita

bhṛśaduḥkhita - greatly distressed, very sorrowful, much pained

Compound of bhṛśa (much, excessively) and duḥkhita (pained, distressed).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhṛśa+duḥkhita)

• bhṛśa – much, excessive, violent, strong
  indeclinable
• duḥkhita – pained, distressed, sorrowful
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √duḥkh (to suffer) + -kta suffix.
  Root: √duḥkh (class 10)

Note: Agrees with aham.