वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-10, verse-22

तेनाहमपविद्धश्च हृतदारश्च राघव ।
तद्भयाच्च महीकृत्स्ना क्रान्तेयं सवनार्णवा ॥२२॥

22. tenāhamapaviddhaśca hṛtadāraśca rāghava ,
tadbhayācca mahīkṛtsnā krānteyaṃ savanārṇavā.

22. tena aham apaviddhaḥ ca hṛtadāraḥ ca rāghava tat
bhayāt ca mahī kṛtsnā krāntā iyam savanārṇavā

22. rāghava tena aham apaviddhaḥ ca hṛtadāraḥ ca.
ca tat bhayāt iyam kṛtsnā savanārṇavā mahī krāntā.

22. O Raghava, by him I was cast out and my wife was seized. And due to fear of him, this entire earth, with its forests and oceans, has been traversed.

Words meanings summery:

• तेन (tena) - by Valin (by him, by that)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• अपविद्धः (apaviddhaḥ) - cast off, abandoned

• च (ca) - and

• हृतदारः (hṛtadāraḥ) - whose wife has been stolen, robbed of wife

• च (ca) - and

• राघव (rāghava) - O Rama (O Raghava (descendant of Raghu))

• तत् (tat) - Valin's (his, that)

• भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear

• च (ca) - and

• मही (mahī) - earth, land

• कृत्स्ना (kṛtsnā) - entire, whole, complete

• क्रान्ता (krāntā) - traversed (by me, Sugriva, in flight) (traversed, occupied, pervaded)

• इयम् (iyam) - this

• सवनार्णवा (savanārṇavā) - with forests and oceans

Words meanings and morphology

तेन (tena) - by Valin (by him, by that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

अपविद्धः (apaviddhaḥ) - cast off, abandoned

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of apaviddha

apaviddha - cast off, abandoned, thrown away

Past Passive Participle

Derived from apa-√vyadh (to throw down, cast off)

Prefix: apa

Root: vyadh (class 4)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

हृतदारः (hṛtadāraḥ) - whose wife has been stolen, robbed of wife

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hṛtadāra

hṛtadāra - whose wife has been stolen, deprived of wife

Bahuvrihi compound: hṛta (stolen) + dāra (wife)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (hṛta+dāra)

• hṛta – taken, seized, stolen
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root hṛ (to take, seize)
  Root: hṛ (class 1)
• dāra – wife
  noun (masculine)
  Often used in masculine plural to denote 'wife' or 'wives'. Here in singular context.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

राघव (rāghava) - O Rama (O Raghava (descendant of Raghu))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu

Patronymic derived from Raghu

तत् (tat) - Valin's (his, that)

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Valin. The "tat" here is the first part of a compound tad-bhaya.

भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, terror, apprehension

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: The compound 'tat-bhayāt' means 'from fear of him'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

मही (mahī) - earth, land

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mahī

mahī - earth, land, soil

कृत्स्ना (kṛtsnā) - entire, whole, complete

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṛtsna

kṛtsna - entire, whole, complete, all

क्रान्ता (krāntā) - traversed (by me, Sugriva, in flight) (traversed, occupied, pervaded)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of krānta

krānta - traversed, stepped over, occupied, pervaded

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kram (to step, go, walk)

Root: kram (class 1)

इयम् (iyam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

सवनार्णवा (savanārṇavā) - with forests and oceans

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of savanārṇava

savanārṇava - along with forests and oceans

Bahuvrihi compound: sa (with) + vana (forest) + arṇava (ocean). Literally 'having forests and oceans'.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+vana+arṇava)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
  Prefix 'sa-' indicating 'with' or 'having'.
• vana – forest, wood, grove
  noun (neuter)
• arṇava – ocean, sea
  noun (masculine)