वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-10, verse-1

ततः क्रोधसमाविष्टं संरब्धं तमुपागतम् ।
अहं प्रसादयां चक्रे भ्रातरं प्रियकाम्यया ॥१॥

1. tataḥ krodhasamāviṣṭaṃ saṃrabdhaṃ tamupāgatam ,
ahaṃ prasādayāṃ cakre bhrātaraṃ priyakāmyayā.

1. tataḥ krodhasamāviṣṭam saṃrabdham tam upāgatam
aham prasādayām cakre bhrātaram priyakāmyayā

1. tataḥ priyakāmyayā krodhasamāviṣṭam saṃrabdham
tam upāgatam bhrātaram aham prasādayām cakre

1. Then, desiring his affection, I appeased my brother who had approached, filled with rage and agitated.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, afterwards

• क्रोधसमाविष्टम् (krodhasamāviṣṭam) - filled with anger, overcome by rage, entered by wrath

• संरब्धम् (saṁrabdham) - agitated, enraged, furious

• तम् (tam) - him, that

• उपागतम् (upāgatam) - approached, arrived

• अहम् (aham) - I

• प्रसादयाम् (prasādayām) - appeased, made calm (part of a periphrastic perfect)

• चक्रे (cakre) - did, made (auxiliary verb)

• भ्रातरम् (bhrātaram) - brother

• प्रियकाम्यया (priyakāmyayā) - by the desire for affection, out of goodwill, for the sake of love

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, afterwards

(indeclinable)

From pronominal stem 'tad' with suffix 'tas'

क्रोधसमाविष्टम् (krodhasamāviṣṭam) - filled with anger, overcome by rage, entered by wrath

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of krodhasamāviṣṭa

krodhasamāviṣṭa - overcome by anger, filled with rage

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (krodha+samāviṣṭa)

• krodha – anger, wrath
  noun (masculine)
  From √krudh (to be angry)
  Root: krudh (class 4)
• samāviṣṭa – entered, pervaded, possessed, overcome
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √viś with upasargas sam- and ā-
  Prefixes: sam+ā
  Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Qualifies 'bhrātaram' (brother)

संरब्धम् (saṁrabdham) - agitated, enraged, furious

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃrabdha

saṁrabdha - agitated, enraged, furious, excited

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √rabh with upasarga sam-

Prefix: sam

Root: rabh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'bhrātaram' (brother)

तम् (tam) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'bhrātaram'

उपागतम् (upāgatam) - approached, arrived

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of upāgata

upāgata - approached, arrived, come

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √gam with upasargas upa- and ā-

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'bhrātaram' (brother)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I

Note: Subject of the verb 'cakre'

प्रसादयाम् (prasādayām) - appeased, made calm (part of a periphrastic perfect)

(verb)

Causative stem

Causative of pra-sad (to be clear, to be pleased)

Prefix: pra

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: In combination with 'cakre', forms the periphrastic perfect.

चक्रे (cakre) - did, made (auxiliary verb)

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Auxiliary verb for periphrastic perfect with 'prasādayām'

भ्रातरम् (bhrātaram) - brother

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Note: Object of 'prasādayām cakre'

प्रियकाम्यया (priyakāmyayā) - by the desire for affection, out of goodwill, for the sake of love

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of priyakāmyā

priyakāmyā - desire for affection, goodwill, love

From 'priya' (dear) and 'kāmya' (desire)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (priya+kāmya)

• priya – dear, beloved, pleasing
  adjective (masculine)
• kāmya – desire, wish, longing
  noun (masculine)
  From √kam (to desire)
  Root: kam (class 1)

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