वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-10, verse-20

तत्रानेनास्मि संरुद्धो राज्यं मार्गयतात्मनः ।
सुग्रीवेण नृशंसेन विस्मृत्य भ्रातृसौहृदम् ॥२०॥

20. tatrānenāsmi saṃruddho rājyaṃ mārgayatātmanaḥ ,
sugrīveṇa nṛśaṃsena vismṛtya bhrātṛsauhṛdam.

20. tatra anena asmi saṃruddhaḥ rājyam mārgayatā
ātmanaḥ sugrīveṇa nṛśaṃsena vismṛtya bhrātṛsauhṛdam

20. tatra anena nṛśaṃsena sugrīveṇa ātmanaḥ rājyam
mārgayatā bhrātṛsauhṛdam vismṛtya saṃruddhaḥ asmi

20. In that situation, I was obstructed by this cruel Sugrīva, who was seeking the kingdom for himself, having forgotten brotherly affection.

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - in that situation (there, in that place, in that case, then)

• अनेन (anena) - by this (Sugrīva) (by this, by him)

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• संरुद्धः (saṁruddhaḥ) - obstructed (obstructed, blocked, imprisoned, restrained)

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - the kingdom (kingdom, sovereignty, reign)

• मार्गयता (mārgayatā) - by (him) seeking (by one seeking, by one looking for)

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - for himself (of the self, for himself)

• सुग्रीवेण (sugrīveṇa) - by Sugrīva

• नृशंसेन (nṛśaṁsena) - by the cruel one (by the cruel, by the wicked)

• विस्मृत्य (vismṛtya) - having forgotten (having forgotten, disregarding)

• भ्रातृसौहृदम् (bhrātṛsauhṛdam) - brotherly affection (brotherly affection, brotherly friendship)

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - in that situation (there, in that place, in that case, then)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial derivative from tad.

अनेन (anena) - by this (Sugrīva) (by this, by him)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Agent of saṃruddhaḥ (passive).

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Tense, Parasmaipada

Root verb.

Root: √as (class 2)

Note: Main verb.

संरुद्धः (saṁruddhaḥ) - obstructed (obstructed, blocked, imprisoned, restrained)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃruddha

saṁruddha - obstructed, blocked, imprisoned, restrained, hindered

Past Passive Participle

From sam- + √rudh (to obstruct) + -kta suffix.

Prefix: sam

Root: √rudh (class 7)

Note: Part of the compound predicate saṃruddhaḥ asmi (I am obstructed).

राज्यम् (rājyam) - the kingdom (kingdom, sovereignty, reign)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, sovereignty, reign, rule

From rājan (king) + ya suffix.

Note: Object of mārgayatā.

मार्गयता (mārgayatā) - by (him) seeking (by one seeking, by one looking for)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mārgayat

mārgayat - seeking, looking for, pursuing

Present Active Participle (causative)

From √mārg (to seek) + causative suffix -aya + -śatṛ suffix.

Root: √mārg (class 10)

Note: Agrees with anena and sugrīveṇa.

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - for himself (of the self, for himself)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essential nature

n-stem noun.

Note: Dative/genitive of purpose "for himself".

सुग्रीवेण (sugrīveṇa) - by Sugrīva

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugrīva (name of the monkey king)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+grīvā)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• grīvā – neck
  noun (feminine)

Note: Agent of saṃruddhaḥ.

नृशंसेन (nṛśaṁsena) - by the cruel one (by the cruel, by the wicked)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of nṛśaṃsa

nṛśaṁsa - cruel, wicked, mischievous, evil

Compound of nṛ (man) + śaṃsa (praise/curse, here referring to ill-disposed speech or action).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+śaṃsa)

• nṛ – man, human being, hero
  noun (masculine)
• śaṃsa – praise, speech, curse, harm
  noun (masculine)
  From √śaṃs (to praise, to speak ill of).
  Root: √śaṃs (class 1)

Note: Agrees with sugrīveṇa.

विस्मृत्य (vismṛtya) - having forgotten (having forgotten, disregarding)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From vi- + √smṛ (to remember) + -lyaP suffix (when prefixed).

Prefix: vi

Root: √smṛ (class 1)

Note: Modifies the agent (Sugrīva) of saṃruddhaḥ.

भ्रातृसौहृदम् (bhrātṛsauhṛdam) - brotherly affection (brotherly affection, brotherly friendship)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhrātṛsauhṛda

bhrātṛsauhṛda - brotherly affection, brotherly friendship

Compound of bhrātṛ (brother) and sauhṛda (friendship).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhrātṛ+sauhṛda)

• bhrātṛ – brother
  noun (masculine)
• sauhṛda – friendship, affection, kindness
  noun (neuter)
  From suhṛd (friend) + a suffix.

Note: Object of vismṛtya.