वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-10, verse-23

ऋश्यमूकं गिरिवरं भार्याहरणदुःखितः ।
प्रविष्टो ऽस्मि दुराधर्षं वालिनः कारणान्तरे ॥२३॥

23. ṛśyamūkaṃ girivaraṃ bhāryāharaṇaduḥkhitaḥ ,
praviṣṭo'smi durādharṣaṃ vālinaḥ kāraṇāntare.

23. ṛśyamūkam girivaram bhāryāharaṇadukhitaḥ
praviṣṭaḥ asmi durādharṣam vālinaḥ kāraṇāntare

23. bhāryāharaṇadukhitaḥ vālinaḥ kāraṇāntare
durādharṣam girivaram ṛśyamūkam praviṣṭaḥ asmi

23. Grieving from the abduction of my wife, I entered Rishyamuka, the foremost of mountains, which is inaccessible to Valin due to a specific reason.

Words meanings summery:

• ऋश्यमूकम् (ṛśyamūkam) - Rishyamuka (name of a mountain)

• गिरिवरम् (girivaram) - best of mountains, chief mountain

• भार्याहरणदुखितः (bhāryāharaṇadukhitaḥ) - afflicted by the sorrow of wife-abduction

• प्रविष्टः (praviṣṭaḥ) - entered, having entered

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• दुराधर्षम् (durādharṣam) - inaccessible (to Valin) (difficult to assail, unassailable, inaccessible)

• वालिनः (vālinaḥ) - of Valin, Valin's

• कारणान्तरे (kāraṇāntare) - due to a specific curse/reason (that prevents Valin's entry) (in another cause, for a different reason/motive)

Words meanings and morphology

ऋश्यमूकम् (ṛśyamūkam) - Rishyamuka (name of a mountain)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ṛśyamūka

ṛśyamūka - Rishyamuka (name of a mountain)

गिरिवरम् (girivaram) - best of mountains, chief mountain

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of girivara

girivara - best of mountains, chief mountain

Tatpurusha compound: giri (mountain) + vara (best/excellent)

Compound type : tatpurusha (giri+vara)

• giri – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
• vara – best, excellent, choice
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: vṛ (class 9)

भार्याहरणदुखितः (bhāryāharaṇadukhitaḥ) - afflicted by the sorrow of wife-abduction

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhāryāharaṇadukhita

bhāryāharaṇadukhita - afflicted by the sorrow of wife-abduction

Tatpurusha compound: bhāryāharaṇa (wife-abduction) + dukhita (afflicted by sorrow). More precisely, a Dvandva (bhāryā-haraṇa) + Tatpurusha (bhāryāharaṇa-dukhita). 'Afflicted (dukhita) by the abduction (haraṇa) of (his) wife (bhāryā)'.

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhāryāharaṇa+dukhita)

• bhāryā – wife
  noun (feminine)
  Gerundive
  Derived from root bhṛ (to bear, support), literally 'to be supported/maintained'.
  Root: bhṛ (class 1)
• haraṇa – abduction, carrying off, taking away
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root hṛ (to take, carry) with suffix -ana
  Root: hṛ (class 1)
• dukhita – distressed, sorrowful, afflicted
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root dukh (to suffer, grieve)
  Root: dukh (class 1)

Note: Describes Sugriva, the speaker.

प्रविष्टः (praviṣṭaḥ) - entered, having entered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of praviṣṭa

praviṣṭa - entered, gone into

Past Passive Participle

Derived from pra-√viś (to enter)

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (Lat) of as

Present Indicative, 1st person singular

Root: as (class 2)

दुराधर्षम् (durādharṣam) - inaccessible (to Valin) (difficult to assail, unassailable, inaccessible)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of durādharṣa

durādharṣa - difficult to assail, unassailable, invincible

Gerundive/Kṛt formation

Derived from dur-ā-√dhṛṣ (to attack, assault), implying 'not to be assailed'. Prefix 'dur-' (difficult) + 'ā-' + root 'dhṛṣ'.

Prefixes: dur+ā

Root: dhṛṣ (class 5)

वालिनः (vālinaḥ) - of Valin, Valin's

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vālin

vālin - Valin (name of a monkey king)

Note: Indicates possession or relation, 'for Valin' or 'by Valin's curse'.

कारणान्तरे (kāraṇāntare) - due to a specific curse/reason (that prevents Valin's entry) (in another cause, for a different reason/motive)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kāraṇāntara

kāraṇāntara - another reason, a different cause

Tatpurusha compound: kāraṇa (cause) + antara (another, different)

Compound type : tatpurusha (kāraṇa+antara)

• kāraṇa – cause, reason, motive
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root kṛ (to do) with suffix -ana
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• antara – other, different, distinct
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Refers to the specific reason (curse) that makes Rishyamuka inaccessible to Valin.