वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-52, verse-11

स तु सीतां विवेष्टन्तीमङ्केनादाय रावणः ।
प्रविवेश पुरीं लङ्कां रूपिणीं मृत्युमात्मनः ॥११॥

11. sa tu sītāṃ viveṣṭantīmaṅkenādāya rāvaṇaḥ ,
praviveśa purīṃ laṅkāṃ rūpiṇīṃ mṛtyumātmanaḥ.

11. saḥ tu sītām viveṣṭantīm aṅkena ādāya rāvaṇaḥ
praviveśa purīm laṅkām rūpiṇīm mṛtyum ātmanaḥ

11. saḥ rāvaṇaḥ tu viveṣṭantīm sītām aṅkena ādāya
ātmanaḥ mṛtyum rūpiṇīm laṅkām purīm praviveśa

11. Rāvaṇa, taking Sītā, who was struggling, on his lap, entered the city of Laṅkā, which was (for him) death (mṛtyu) personified.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (Rāvaṇa) (he, that (masculine nominative singular))

• तु (tu) - indeed (particle, often untranslated for flow) (but, indeed, however)

• सीताम् (sītām) - Sītā (Sītā (accusative))

• विवेष्टन्तीम् (viveṣṭantīm) - struggling (struggling, wriggling, tossing about)

• अङ्केन (aṅkena) - on his lap (by the lap, with the lap)

• आदाय (ādāya) - taking (having taken, seizing)

• रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Rāvaṇa

• प्रविवेश (praviveśa) - entered (he entered, he penetrated)

• पुरीम् (purīm) - the city (city, town (accusative))

• लङ्काम् (laṅkām) - Laṅkā (Laṅkā (accusative))

• रूपिणीम् (rūpiṇīm) - personified (having a form, embodied, personified)

• मृत्युम् (mṛtyum) - death (mṛtyu) (death (accusative))

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - for himself (of the self, his own)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (Rāvaṇa) (he, that (masculine nominative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to Rāvaṇa.

तु (tu) - indeed (particle, often untranslated for flow) (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction/particle.

सीताम् (sītām) - Sītā (Sītā (accusative))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sītā

sītā - Sītā (daughter of Janaka, wife of Rāma, lit. 'furrow')

Note: Object of 'ādāya'.

विवेष्टन्तीम् (viveṣṭantīm) - struggling (struggling, wriggling, tossing about)

(participle)

Accusative, feminine, singular of viveṣṭant

viveṣṭant - struggling, wriggling

Present Active Participle

From prefix 'vi' + root 'veṣṭ' (to wrap, to struggle) + 'śatṛ' (present active participle suffix).

Prefix: vi

Root: veṣṭ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'sītām'.

अङ्केन (aṅkena) - on his lap (by the lap, with the lap)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of aṅka

aṅka - lap, side, embrace, mark

Root: aṅk (class 1)

Note: Indicates the means or location 'with'.

आदाय (ādāya) - taking (having taken, seizing)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From prefix 'ā' + root 'dā' (to give, but with 'ā' means to take) + 'lyap' (absolutive suffix).

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 1)

रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Rāvaṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (the king of Laṅkā)

Son of Viśravas and Kaikasī.

Root: ru (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'praviveśa'.

प्रविवेश (praviveśa) - entered (he entered, he penetrated)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of praveś

perfect tense (liṭ)

From prefix 'pra' + root 'viś' (to enter) + reduplication.

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Verb for 'rāvaṇaḥ'.

पुरीम् (purīm) - the city (city, town (accusative))

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of purī

purī - city, town, fortress

Feminine noun.

Root: pṛ (class 3)

Note: Object of 'praviveśa'.

लङ्काम् (laṅkām) - Laṅkā (Laṅkā (accusative))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of laṅkā

laṅkā - Laṅkā (name of Rāvaṇa's capital city, often identified with Sri Lanka)

Note: Appositive to 'purīm'.

रूपिणीम् (rūpiṇīm) - personified (having a form, embodied, personified)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of rūpiṇī

rūpiṇī - having a form, embodied, beautiful, personified

Feminine form of 'rūpin', from 'rūpa' (form) + '-in' (possessive suffix).

Root: rūp (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'mṛtyum'.

मृत्युम् (mṛtyum) - death (mṛtyu) (death (accusative))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mṛtyu

mṛtyu - death, mortality, the god of death (Yama)

From root 'mṛ' (to die) + 'tyu' suffix.

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Predicate accusative, describing Laṅkā.

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - for himself (of the self, his own)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essential nature (ātman)

Note: Indicates possession or relation, "of himself".