वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-44, verse-9

तत्र राजा गुहो नाम रामस्यात्मसमः सखा ।
निषादजात्यो बलवान् स्थपतिश्चेति विश्रुतः ॥९॥

9. tatra rājā guho nāma rāmasyātmasamaḥ sakhā ,
niṣādajātyo balavān sthapatiśceti viśrutaḥ.

9. tatra rājā guhaḥ nāma rāmasya ātmasamaḥ sakhā
niṣādajātyaḥ balavān sthapatiḥ ca iti viśrutaḥ

9. tatra guhaḥ nāma rājā rāmasya ātmasamaḥ sakhā
niṣādajātyaḥ balavān ca sthapatiḥ iti viśrutaḥ

9. There, a king named Guha, a friend of Rāma who was like his own self (ātman), was well-known. He belonged to the Niṣāda tribe, was powerful, and was a chieftain.

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - at the place of the Ingudi tree (there, in that place)

• राजा (rājā) - King Guha (king, ruler)

• गुहः (guhaḥ) - Guha (a proper name)

• नाम (nāma) - by name (name, by name, indeed)

• रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rāma

• आत्मसमः (ātmasamaḥ) - equal to Rāma's own self (ātman) (equal to oneself, like oneself)

• सखा (sakhā) - friend, companion

• निषादजात्यः (niṣādajātyaḥ) - Guha was of the Niṣāda tribe (belonging to the Niṣāda caste/tribe)

• बलवान् (balavān) - powerful, strong

• स्थपतिः (sthapatiḥ) - a chieftain of the Niṣādas (chieftain, headman, foreman, architect)

• च (ca) - and

• इति (iti) - indicating that the preceding attributes describe Guha as 'renowned' (thus, so, indicating quoted speech or thought)

• विश्रुतः (viśrutaḥ) - well-known, famous, renowned

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - at the place of the Ingudi tree (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

राजा (rājā) - King Guha (king, ruler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

गुहः (guhaḥ) - Guha (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guha

guha - Guha (a proper name, the chieftain of the Niṣādas)

नाम (nāma) - by name (name, by name, indeed)

(indeclinable)

रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rāma

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (a proper name)

आत्मसमः (ātmasamaḥ) - equal to Rāma's own self (ātman) (equal to oneself, like oneself)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātmasama

ātmasama - equal to oneself, like oneself

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ātman+sama)

• ātman – self, soul, spirit, individual self, supreme self (ātman)
  noun (masculine)
• sama – equal, similar, like
  adjective (masculine)

सखा (sakhā) - friend, companion

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sakhi

sakhi - friend, companion, comrade

निषादजात्यः (niṣādajātyaḥ) - Guha was of the Niṣāda tribe (belonging to the Niṣāda caste/tribe)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niṣādajātya

niṣādajātya - of the Niṣāda caste/tribe

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (niṣāda+jātiya)

• niṣāda – Niṣāda (a tribal community, often hunters and fishermen, traditionally considered outside the four main varnas)
  noun (masculine)
• jātiya – belonging to a caste/tribe/class
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from jāti (birth, caste, species) with suffix -ya.

बलवान् (balavān) - powerful, strong

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of balavat

balavat - powerful, strong, mighty

Derived from bala (strength) with suffix -vat (possessing).

स्थपतिः (sthapatiḥ) - a chieftain of the Niṣādas (chieftain, headman, foreman, architect)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sthapati

sthapati - chieftain, master, headman, architect

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

इति (iti) - indicating that the preceding attributes describe Guha as 'renowned' (thus, so, indicating quoted speech or thought)

(indeclinable)

विश्रुतः (viśrutaḥ) - well-known, famous, renowned

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viśruta

viśruta - well-known, famous, renowned

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √śru (to hear) with upasarga vi- (apart, thoroughly) and suffix -kta.

Prefix: vi

Root: śru (class 5)