वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-44, verse-10

स श्रुत्वा पुरुषव्याघ्रं रामं विषयमागतम् ।
वृद्धैः परिवृतो ऽमात्यैर्ज्ञातिभिश्चाप्युपागतः ॥१०॥

10. sa śrutvā puruṣavyāghraṃ rāmaṃ viṣayamāgatam ,
vṛddhaiḥ parivṛto'mātyairjñātibhiścāpyupāgataḥ.

10. saḥ śrutvā puruṣavyāghram rāmam viṣayam āgatam
vṛddhaiḥ parivṛtaḥ amātyaiḥ jñātibhiḥ ca api upāgataḥ

10. saḥ puruṣavyāghram rāmam viṣayam āgatam śrutvā
vṛddhaiḥ amātyaiḥ jñātibhiḥ ca api parivṛtaḥ upāgataḥ

10. Having heard that Rama, the tiger among men (puruṣavyāghra), had arrived in his territory, he (Guha), surrounded by elderly ministers and also by relatives, approached him.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (Guha) (he, that one)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• पुरुषव्याघ्रम् (puruṣavyāghram) - Rama, the best of men (tiger among men, best of men)

• रामम् (rāmam) - Rama

• विषयम् (viṣayam) - his (Guha's) territory (territory, region, object of sense)

• आगतम् (āgatam) - having arrived (in his territory) (arrived, come, obtained)

• वृद्धैः (vṛddhaiḥ) - by old (ones), by elders

• परिवृतः (parivṛtaḥ) - surrounded, encompassed

• अमात्यैः (amātyaiḥ) - by ministers, by companions

• ज्ञातिभिः (jñātibhiḥ) - by relatives, by kinsmen

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• उपागतः (upāgataḥ) - approached, came near

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (Guha) (he, that one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

absolutive / indeclinable participle

formed with the suffix -ktvā

Root: śru (class 5)

पुरुषव्याघ्रम् (puruṣavyāghram) - Rama, the best of men (tiger among men, best of men)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of puruṣavyāghra

puruṣavyāghra - man-tiger, best of men

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+vyāghra)

• puruṣa – man, human being, person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)

रामम् (rāmam) - Rama

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (a celebrated prince, hero of the Ramayana)

विषयम् (viṣayam) - his (Guha's) territory (territory, region, object of sense)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of viṣaya

viṣaya - domain, sphere, territory, object of sense, subject matter

आगतम् (āgatam) - having arrived (in his territory) (arrived, come, obtained)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, obtained

Past Passive Participle

prefix ā + root gam (to go) + suffix -kta

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'rāmam'

वृद्धैः (vṛddhaiḥ) - by old (ones), by elders

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged, grown, increased, wise, respected

Past Passive Participle

root vṛdh (to grow) + suffix -kta

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

परिवृतः (parivṛtaḥ) - surrounded, encompassed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parivṛta

parivṛta - surrounded, covered, encompassed

Past Passive Participle

prefix pari + root vṛ (to cover, encompass) + suffix -kta

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Modifies 'saḥ' (Guha)

अमात्यैः (amātyaiḥ) - by ministers, by companions

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of amātya

amātya - minister, companion, colleague

ज्ञातिभिः (jñātibhiḥ) - by relatives, by kinsmen

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of jñāti

jñāti - kinsman, relative, family member

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

उपागतः (upāgataḥ) - approached, came near

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upāgata

upāgata - approached, arrived, come near

Past Passive Participle

prefixes upa + ā + root gam (to go) + suffix -kta

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Main verb for 'saḥ' (Guha)